Are serum delta neutrophil index and other inflammatory marker levels different in hyperemesis gravidarum?

Abstract

Aim: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) is a condition characterized by nausea and vomiting, fluid electrolyte and acid-base imbalance, dehydration, weight loss, and ketonuria in early pregnancy. The relationship of HEG with inflammation has been studied in many studies. This study aimed to investigate the role of serum delta neutrophil index (DNI), a new inflammatory marker, and other inflammatory markers in demonstrating the disease's presence and severity in HEG patients. Material and Method: This retrospective study was conducted by accessing the electronic data of 79 pregnant women diagnosed with HEG in a tertiary center between 2017 and 2022 and 100 healthy pregnant women. The demographic characteristics of the study and control groups, as well as the hematological parameters in the complete blood count and the levels of inflammatory markers, were recorded. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups regarding hematological parameters, DNI, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic inflammation index (p > 0.05). Neutrophil count and neutrophillymphocyte ratio (NLR) were higher in the HEG group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This is the first study to determine the relationship between HEG and serum DNI, a new inflammatory marker. We found that serum DNI values in HEG patients were not different from normal pregnancies and did not reflect the presence and severity of the disease. We also found that inflammatory markers other than the NLR were not different from normal pregnancies in HEG patients.

Identification of circRNA Expression Profile and Potential Systemic Immune Imbalance Modulation in Premature Rupture of Membranes

“…Neutrophils are often exclusively considered as a first-line innate immune defense, able to rapidly kill or trap pathogens, and cause in case of overactivation tissue damage [41]. Increased maternal neutrophil may mediate chronic low-grade inflammation in PROM [9,42], gestational diabetes mellitus [43,44], and pre-eclampsia [45]. Neutrophil infiltration is also a key cause of fetal membrane inflammation and tissue destruction at the maternal-fetal interface [46].…”

“…It is generally accepted that PROM is a multifactorial disease with multiple causes (e.g., infection and endocrine disruption) [5,6], and the biological changes of membranes are the core pathological basis of PROM, including matrix degradation, cell senescence, apoptosis, autophagy, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition [7,8]. However, as the most common perinatal disease, research on PROM often focused on the prediction of severe maternal-fetal outcomes via common biomarkers [9,10], and the core etiology and key molecular mechanism of PROM remain unclear. Notably, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have brought new light to PROM research, represented by miRNAs [11] and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) [12].…”

Predictability of the Delta Neutrophil Index and Other Blood Parameters on Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

“…The predictiveness of DNI and its prognostic value in various inflammatory or infectious diseases have been studied in some studies [11,12]. DNI levels were also evaluated in obstetric women who had gestational diabetes, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), preeclampsia, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and hyperemesis gravidarum [13][14][15][16]. In previous studies, DNI was used to distinguish active SLE from febrile SLE in nonpregnant patients with SLE [17].…”