Are riders of electric two-wheelers safer than bicyclists in collisions with motor vehicles?

Huang, Yuan; Zhou, Qing; Koelper, Caroline; Li, Quan; Nie, Bingbing

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2019.105336

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Worldwide, estimated annual E‐bike sales continue to grow, from 31 million units sold in 2012 to 47.6 million by 2018 12 . The kinematics and injury consequences of two‐wheeler riders result from a combination of multiple factors ranging from the rider statures, two‐wheeler and vehicle models to the collision conditions 7 . Thus, specifically tailored prevention measures should be tested and adopted for the use of powered bikes and scooters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bicyclists are considered vulnerable road users due to their high injury risk in collisions with vehicles, 6,7 and traffic safety related to P‐scooters and E‐bikes is becoming more problematic with growing popularity compared with other two‐wheelers 7,8 . Compared with conventional bicyclists, E‐bike, and P‐scooter riders are more likely to be involved in a severe crash that requires emergency medical treatment 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental and maxillofacial injuries associated with electric‐powered bikes and scooters in Israel: A report for 2014‐2019

Lin

Goldman²,

Peleg³

et al. 2020

Dental Traumatology

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Background/Aims Electric‐Powered Bikes and powered scooters present a new method of transportation and are becoming commonly used worldwide. However, the reports on traumatic dental injuries related to their use are scarce. The aim of this study was to report the frequency and severity of dental and maxillofacial injuries associated with electric‐powered bikes and scooters in Israel between the years 2014 and 2019. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study based on data from the Israeli National Trauma Registry (INTR). The INTR provides comprehensive data on hospitalized patients from all six Level I trauma centers (TC) and 15 of the 20 Level II TCs in Israel. All injured patients who were hospitalized due to a traffic collision between 2014 and 2019 were identified. The data for those hospitalized due to an e‐bike or motorized scooter accident were extracted as well as for pedestrians who were injured as a result of a crash with these vehicles. Results A total of 3,686 hospital admissions were related to electric‐powered bikes and scooters. Of those, 378 (10.3%) were oral and maxillofacial injuries. Most of the oral and maxillofacial injuries were attributed to powered bikes (321 out of 378; 84.92%) and the rest to powered scooters. There was a constant increase in general as well as the oral and maxillofacial injuries during the study years. Almost 20% of the cases involved injuries to the teeth. Overall, 291 pedestrians were reported to be injured due to electric‐powered bikes and scooters; 29 (9.97%) of them, suffered from oral and maxillofacial injuries. Most of those were children aged 0‐15 years (41.38%) and elders older than 60 years (37.39%). Conclusions Trauma related to electric‐powered bikes and scooters is an increasing concern. Dental professionals should be actively involved in educational and legislative efforts focusing on the prevention of e‐bike and scooter‐related injuries, in general, and specifically maxillofacial injuries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental and maxillofacial injuries associated with electric‐powered bikes and scooters in Israel: A report for 2014‐2019

Lin

Goldman²,

Peleg³

et al. 2020

Dental Traumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Some cases have both head-to-vehicle and head-to-ground impacts, some have only ground impacts, and the types of vehicles involved in the 30 cases are mainly sedan, SUV, and MPV. To make the FE vehicle model used for simulation match the dimensions of the accident vehicle as much as possible, a total of five FE vehicle models ( Han X. Y. et al, 2012 ; Han Y. et al, 2012 ; Shi et al, 2018 , 2019 ) were selected and used for the head-to-vehicle impacts simulations, and the ground surface was the asphalt road and defined as a rigid body ( Tamura et al, 2014 ; Huang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Head AIS 4+ Injury Thresholds for the Elderly Vulnerable Road User Based on Detailed Accident Reconstructions

Han

Pan

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Compared with the young, the elderly (age greater than or equal to 60 years old) vulnerable road users (VRUs) face a greater risk of injury or death in a traffic accident. A contributing vulnerability is the aging processes that affect their brain structure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the injury mechanisms and establish head AIS 4+ injury tolerances for the elderly VRUs based on various head injury criteria. A total of 30 elderly VRUs accidents with detailed injury records and video information were selected and the VRUs’ kinematics and head injuries were reconstructed by combining a multi-body system model (PC-Crash and MADYMO) and the THUMS (Ver. 4.0.2) FE models. Four head kinematic-based injury predictors (linear acceleration, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and head injury criteria) and three brain tissue injury criteria (coup pressure, maximum principal strain, and cumulative strain damage measure) were studied. The correlation between injury predictors and injury risk was developed using logistical regression models for each criterion. The results show that the calculated thresholds for head injury for the kinematic criteria were lower than those reported in previous literature studies. For the brain tissue level criteria, the thresholds calculated in this study were generally similar to those of previous studies except for the coup pressure. The models had higher (>0.8) area under curve values for receiver operator characteristics, indicating good predictive power. This study could provide additional support for understanding brain injury thresholds in elderly people.

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“…Previous studies have shown that electric bicyclists were more prone to fatal injuries than traditional bicyclists [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. In addition to using IMPACT, a finite element analysis tool, to recreate accident scenes [ 9 , 22 , 27 ], researchers used statistical models to analyze the factors affecting injury severity among electric bicyclists [ 10 , 14 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Characteristics pertaining to humans, vehicles, roads, and circumstances influence the injury severity.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electric bicyclists represent a sizable population of commuters [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. By 2019, there were 59 electric bicycles for every 100 households in China [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Bicyclist Injury Severity during Peak Traffic Periods: A Random-Parameters Approach with Heterogeneity in Means and Variances

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Accidents involving electric bicycles, a popular means of transportation in China during peak traffic periods, have increased. However, studies have seldom attempted to detect the unique crash consequences during this period. This study aims to explore the factors influencing injury severity in electric bicyclists during peak traffic periods and provide recommendations to help devise specific management strategies. The random-parameters logit or mixed logit model is used to identify the relationship between different factors and injury severity. The injury severity is divided into four categories. The analysis uses automobile and electric bicycle crash data of Xi’an, China, between 2014 and 2019. During the peak traffic periods, the impact of low visibility significantly varies with factors such as areas with traffic control or without streetlights. Furthermore, compared with traveling in a straight line, three different turnings before the crash reduce the likelihood of severe injuries. Roadside protection trees are the most crucial measure guaranteeing riders’ safety during peak traffic periods. This study reveals the direction, magnitude, and randomness of factors that contribute to electric bicycle crashes. The results can help safety authorities devise targeted transportation safety management and planning strategies for peak traffic periods.

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Are riders of electric two-wheelers safer than bicyclists in collisions with motor vehicles?

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Dental and maxillofacial injuries associated with electric‐powered bikes and scooters in Israel: A report for 2014‐2019

Dental and maxillofacial injuries associated with electric‐powered bikes and scooters in Israel: A report for 2014‐2019

The Head AIS 4+ Injury Thresholds for the Elderly Vulnerable Road User Based on Detailed Accident Reconstructions

Electric Bicyclist Injury Severity during Peak Traffic Periods: A Random-Parameters Approach with Heterogeneity in Means and Variances

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