Are plant-soil dynamics different in pastures under organic management? A review

Jackson, Randall D.; Isidore, Brittany; Cates, Richard L.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2019.04.005

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…This increased soil P availability effect can be found even under light grazing intensities (Assmann et al, 2017) and has been observed across varying mixed (crop-livestock) production systems in Europe (Cooper et al, 2018). However, studies directly comparing conventional and organic mixed farming systems in association with non-grazed and grazed regimes, as compared in this study, are rare (Jackson, Isidore, & Cates, 2019). This finding on soil available P merits particular attention for future discussions on sustainable agriculture strategies as mineral P (as rock phosphate) is a finite resource.…”

Section: Effects Of An Organic System On Sq Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Grazed temporary grass‐clover leys in crop rotations can have a positive impact on soil quality under both conventional and organic agricultural systems

Zani

Gowing

Abbott

et al. 2020

European J Soil Science

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Soil quality (SQ) is the ability of soil to provide ecosystem functions and services. Implementation of a certain agricultural system can affect SQ and therefore play an essential role in achieving sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to explore how agricultural systems (conventional vs. organic), grazing regime (non-grazed vs. grazed) and the different proportions of temporary grass-clover leys in crop rotations (ley time proportion, LTP) affect SQ within a mixed (cropping and pasture/dairy system) commercial farming enterprise in the UK. Seven SQ indicators were evaluated, including chemical (pH; available phosphorus (P); potassium (K)), physical (bulk density, BD; aggregate stability, AS) and biological (total carbon (C); microbial biomass carbon, MBC) sectors. All SQ indicators were measured at three depth intervals (0-0.15, 0.15-0.30, 0.30-0.60 m), except for AS and MBC, which were only considered for the topsoil (0-0.15 m). The findings reflected existing knowledge on the advantages of organic vs. conventional systems for SQ indicators, with the former showing higher MBC and similar K, BD, AS and C in the 0-0.30-m compared to the latter. Lower topsoil available P in organic systems can be related to the lack of measurements in all P pools. When grazing was included: (a) both agricultural systems showed higher topsoil available P, C and MBC; and (b) there was a

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Section: Effects Of An Organic System On Sq Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Grazed temporary grass‐clover leys in crop rotations can have a positive impact on soil quality under both conventional and organic agricultural systems

Zani

Gowing

Abbott

et al. 2020

European J Soil Science

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“…It is critical that the principles of managed grazing be followed when grass farmers graze their livestock because poor management can undermine the functions that underpin critical ecosystem services. 24,74 Producing milk and meat from livestock grazing perennial cool-season grass pastures should reduce nitrate leaching loads compared to growing corn that is used to feed livestock in confinement. However, cool-season grass pastures can lose significant nitrate to leaching if moderate-to high-levels of exogenous N enter the agroecosystem.…”

Section: Implications For Policy and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20][21][22] The principles of managed grazing are (i) leave significant residual biomass for regrowth; (ii) rest swards for significant periods to allow regrowth; and (iii) distribute grazing uniformly in time and space to minimize positive feedbacks to undesirable plant species and nutrient concentrations. [23][24][25] The uniformity of herbivory and excreta distribution is a key aspect of managed grazing systems because they promote weed suppression, 26 forage production and quality, 27,28 and soil health. 29 Typically, this uniformity is applied via manipulation of temporary electric fence that allows the grazier to adjust the size, configuration, and location of grazing paddocks in an adaptive and opportunistic manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the latter, animals graze in perennial grassland pastures, spreading their manure uniformly across fields (depending strongly on management of the livestock), often resulting in little loss of N via run‐off 20–22 . The principles of managed grazing are (i) leave significant residual biomass for regrowth; (ii) rest swards for significant periods to allow regrowth; and (iii) distribute grazing uniformly in time and space to minimize positive feedbacks to undesirable plant species and nutrient concentrations 23–25 . The uniformity of herbivory and excreta distribution is a key aspect of managed grazing systems because they promote weed suppression, 26 forage production and quality, 27,28 and soil health 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil nitrate leaching under grazed cool‐season grass pastures of the North Central US

Jackson

2020

J Sci Food Agric

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Nitrate leaching from agricultural cropping systems contributes to widespread and devastating eutrophication of water bodies globally. In the North Central USA, this problem is acute, with millions of dollars spent annually in efforts to clean up recreational and drinking water. The frequent soil disturbance and exogenous nitrogen (N) amendments applied in annual cropping systems make them major sources of ground-and surface-water nitrate pollution. Perennial grasslands under managed livestock grazing have been touted for their ability to retain soils and nutrients while simultaneously providing milk and meat to society. The present study provides an evaluation of the peer-reviewed literature addressing nitrate leaching loads beneath corn, pasture and prairie in temperate humid and sub-humid regions of the US, with a focus on cool-season grass pastures. Inputs of exogenous N to these agroecosystems comes from wet and dry deposition, livestock manure from imported feed, biological fixation and inorganic N fertilizer. Nitrate loads were highest beneath corn and lowest beneath restored prairie and switchgrass managed for bioenergy. Cool-season grass pastures had relatively low levels of nitrate leaching loads where little or no N was applied. However, where grazed perennial grasslands had inorganic N applied, nitrate leaching loads rivaled those of corn in some cases. When producing milk and meat from livestock, grazed perennial cool-season grass pastures should reduce nitrate leaching loads compared to growing corn that is used to feed livestock in confinement. However, cool-season grass pastures can lose significant nitrate to leaching with moderate-to high-levels of exogenous N inputs.

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“…In general, many metabolic contents of plants are in luenced by factors such as climate changes, different type of soil, mineral content of water supply and fertilizer applied [9]. These kinds of factors were correlated with the geographical origin of the plant and the growth conditions, age of the plant, collection time, sample processing and the varieties of plant [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of anthocyanin content in two varieties of Hibiscus Sabdariffa from Selangor, Malaysia using a combination of chromatography and spectroscopy

Choong¹,

Yousof²,

Jamal³

et al. 2019

J Plant Sci Phytopathol

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Are plant-soil dynamics different in pastures under organic management? A review

Cited by 7 publications

References 78 publications

Grazed temporary grass‐clover leys in crop rotations can have a positive impact on soil quality under both conventional and organic agricultural systems

Grazed temporary grass‐clover leys in crop rotations can have a positive impact on soil quality under both conventional and organic agricultural systems

Soil nitrate leaching under grazed cool‐season grass pastures of the North Central US

Determination of anthocyanin content in two varieties of Hibiscus Sabdariffa from Selangor, Malaysia using a combination of chromatography and spectroscopy

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