Are Parents Really That Important To Managing Vaccination Pain During Infancy?

Parental behavior and child distress and pain during pediatric medical procedures: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

“…The results of our review confirmed the validity of those models of pain experienced in children that consider the fact that children experience pain in the context of their family, particularly in the context of parent behavior in the situation of a painful medical procedure (Bowen, 1966; Brown et al, 2019; Pillai Riddell et al, 2016). As emphasized by Hornik and Gunnar (1988), in difficult situations, children are particularly sensitive to signals from parents concerning the security of a given situation (see Bernard & Cohen, 2006; Dahlquist & Pendley, 2005; Jay et al, 1983; Racine et al, 2016).…”

“…The knowledge of specific behaviors that help the child to cope with painful medical procedures can significantly reduce the sense of insecurity and helplessness in parents. Information on the most optimal behavior toward children undergoing painful medical procedures can be provided in the form of trainings organized for parents (see Pillai Riddell et al, 2016). This information can also be placed on hospital flyers for parents and can be presented in posters placed in the waiting rooms where children wait for preventive vaccinations.…”

“…Detailed knowledge about the relationship between parent behavior and the child’s distress and pain is of great significance when it comes to how to behave medically in order to limit children’s negative feelings during painful medical procedures (Caes, 2019). Parent behavior may be modified using appropriate preventive measures (Pillai Riddell et al, 2016). By influencing parents so as to shape their behavior toward their children and reinforce certain conduct, it is possible to directly affect the level of distress and pain felt by the children (Blount, Sturges, & Powers, 1990).…”

“…Children experience medical procedures in the context of their own families. The child’s ability to cope and the child’s experiences and expectations about coping are related to how parents cope and their experiences and expectations (Bowen, 1966; Pillai Riddell, Gennis, Taddio, & Racine, 2016; Vervoort, Karos, Johnson, Sütterlin, & Van Ryckeghem, 2019). When experiencing traumatic situations, children are particularly alert to their parents’ signals concerning the safety of a particular situation (Blount, 2019; Hornik & Gunnar, 1988).…”

Out of the mouth of babes: a lot about pain has nothing to do with pain

“…21,p.80 Caregiver emotional availability serves as the foundation for the development of emotional regulation in infants and results in sensitive and attuned caregiving behaviours. 45 Atkinson et al 4 found infants who had caregivers with higher emotional availability had lower pain scores during the regulatory phase (ie, 1 and 2 minutes postneedle). Similarly, Din Osmun et al 19 found that high caregiver emotional availability in the first 6 months of life predicted larger decreases in the duration of an infant's pain-related distress, suggesting improved regulation over time.…”