“…CM manifests in multiple forms, including neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse (Cicchetti and Valentino, 2006). Although current evidence is not sufficient to support a causal relationship (Schuck and Widom, 2001), many studies have shown cross-sectional relationships between various forms of CM and hazardous drinking among young individuals in the public service systems (Vaughn et al, 2007; Widom and White, 1997), treatment (Clark et al, 2003; Dube et al, 2006), and community samples (Hamburger et al, 2008; Kendler et al, 2000; Molnar et al, 2001). For example, using a nationally representative sample of adolescents (N=5,513; grades 7-12), Diaz et al found that exposure to physical abuse was associated with a 3.25-fold increase in the relative risk of adolescent drinking (Diaz et al, 2002).…”