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Non-Technical SummaryKnowledge creation is a key driver of growth in modern economies. we find that the share of intangible investment in value added is higher in the goods producing sector than in the service sector.In order to evaluate the productivity effects of intangible capital, we use two different methodologies. First, in a growth accounting framework we show that intangibles are key drivers for productivity growth particularly in the manufacturing and financial intermediation sectors. The productivity growth in manufacturing is largely driven by expenditures on R&D. In an international comparison there are nevertheless remarkable differences. In the UK we see a large positive contribution of intangibles to labor productivity growth in the business services sector.Second, an econometric analysis relaxes the growth accounting assumption that all input factors earn their marginal product. Using this alternative methodology, we see output elasticities of intangible capital ranging from 0.1 to 0.2. The output elasticity of intangibles is the percentage increase in output for a one percent increase in intangible capital input. The results are larger than the factor compensation share of intangible capital. This could be an indicator of unmeasured complementarities (e.g. with ICT) or spillovers of intangible capital. Our calculated elasticities of intangible capital are of a smaller magnitude than those found in previous studies that are based on total business sector data.
Das Wichtigste in Kürze
AbstractIn this paper we report on new data on intangible investment at the level of 1-digit NACE industries of 10 EU countries. The data are constructed as a sectoral breakdown of the INTANInvest database, which contains measures of intangible investment at the level of the aggregate business sector. With the sectoral data we assess the contribution of intangibles to productivity growth based on growth accounting and econometric estimation of production functions. The growth accounting contribution of intangibles to labor productivity growth is generally highest in manufacturing and finance. The estimated output elasticity of intangibles lies between 0.1 and 0.2, considerably below values found in previous research using aggregate data.