Are home-based exercises effective to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive adults? A systematic review

Rodrigues, Gabriel Dias; Lima, Ligia Soares; Silva, Nicole Cristine Simões da; Telles, Paula Gomes Lopes; Rocha, Teresa Mell da Mota Silva; Porto, Victor Quintella de Aragão; Cardoso, Viviane Veloso; Soares, Pedro Paulo da Silva

doi:10.1186/s40885-022-00211-8

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Although the trial overlapped with the COVID-19 pandemic, we managed to maintain normal exercise activities, and all patients were given 12 months of exercise intervention. The results of this study are congruent with the findings of recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses on exercise reducing BP . Pan et al conducted a meta-analysis of 24 studies involving 2095 participants to evaluate the BP-lowering effect of Tai Chi among patients with hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The results of this study are congruent with the findings of recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses on exercise reducing BP. 26 , 27 , 28 Pan et al 29 conducted a meta-analysis of 24 studies involving 2095 participants to evaluate the BP-lowering effect of Tai Chi among patients with hypertension. The results showed that Tai Chi effectively improved SBP, DBP, and quality of life in patients with hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Tai Chi vs Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure in Patients With Prehypertension

Li,

Chang,

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportancePrehypertension increases the risk of developing hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Early and effective intervention for patients with prehypertension is highly important.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of Tai Chi vs aerobic exercise in patients with prehypertension.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective, single-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted between July 25, 2019, and January 24, 2022, at 2 tertiary public hospitals in China. Participants included 342 adults aged 18 to 65 years with prehypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120 to 139 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP (DBP) of 80 to 89 mm Hg.InterventionsParticipants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a Tai Chi group (n = 173) or an aerobic exercise group (n = 169). Both groups performed four 60-minute supervised sessions per week for 12 months.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was SBP at 12 months obtained in the office setting. Secondary outcomes included SBP at 6 months and DBP at 6 and 12 months obtained in the office setting and 24-hour ambulatory BP at 12 months.ResultsOf the 1189 patients screened, 342 (mean [SD] age, 49.3 [11.9] years; 166 men [48.5%] and 176 women [51.5%]) were randomized to 1 of 2 intervention groups: 173 to Tai Chi and 169 to aerobic exercise. At 12 months, the change in office SBP was significantly different between groups by −2.40 (95% CI, −4.39 to −0.41) mm Hg (P = .02), with a mean (SD) change of −7.01 (10.12) mm Hg in the Tai Chi group vs −4.61 (8.47) mm Hg in the aerobic exercise group. The analysis of office SBP at 6 months yielded similar results (−2.31 [95% CI, −3.94 to −0.67] mm Hg; P = .006). Additionally, 24-hour ambulatory SBP (−2.16 [95% CI, −3.84 to −0.47] mm Hg; P = .01) and nighttime ambulatory SBP (−4.08 [95% CI, −6.59 to −1.57] mm Hg; P = .002) were significantly reduced in the Tai Chi group compared with the aerobic exercise group.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study including patients with prehypertension, a 12-month Tai Chi intervention was more effective than aerobic exercise in reducing SBP. These findings suggest that Tai Chi may help promote the prevention of cardiovascular disease in populations with prehypertension.Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR1900024368

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tai Chi vs Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure in Patients With Prehypertension

Li,

Chang,

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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“…Physical activity and exercise are important lifestyle factors for managing obesity and hypertension [82][83][84]. A recent network meta-analysis revealed that exercise could be as effective as pharmacologic therapy in lowering blood pressure, although the effect size of blood pressure-lowering was slightly greater with pharmacologic therapy than with exercise [84].…”

Section: Lifestyle Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity-related hypertension and chronic kidney disease: from evaluation to management

Jung

Ihm

2023

Kidney Res Clin Pract

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With the recent obesity pandemic, obesity-related hypertension and its complications (e.g., heart failure, coronary disease, and chronic kidney disease [CKD]) are gaining attention in clinical and research fields. Obesity-related hypertension frequently precedes the onset of CKD and aggravates its progression. In this review, we discuss the role of visceral fat in the pathophysiology of obesity-related hypertension and the potential therapeutic strategies for its prevention and management. Various factors, including the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and inflammatory pathways, are intricately involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension. These factors individually and jointly contribute to the development of hypertension (usually sodium-sensitive or resistant hypertension) and, ultimately, to the progression of CKD. From a clinical standpoint, a decline in renal function in advanced CKD further makes blood pressure control challenging since only a few options are available for blood pressure-lowering medications. Proactive lifestyle modification, pharmacological treatment for obesity, and bariatric surgery can be considered for obesity control and management. Furthermore, intensive blood pressure control is required to prevent and halt the development and progression of CKD.

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“…Hypertension remains the leading cause of death worldwide (>10.4 million deaths per year). It may cause damage to the heart through hardening of the arteries, reducing blood flow and oxygen perfusion to the heart muscle and other tissues [5]. A sedentary lifestyle is considered the main modifiable risk factor for hypertension development [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detraining and Retraining Effects from a Multicomponent Training Program on the Functional Capacity and Health Profile of Physically Active Prehypertensive Older Women

Leitão,

Campos,

Louro

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Background: Resuming a physical exercise program after a period of cessation is common in older women. Monitoring the responses during this detraining (DT) and retraining (RT) may allow us to analyze how the body reacts to an increase and a reduction in physical inactivity. Therefore, we conducted a follow-up training, DT, and RT in prehypertensive older women to analyze the response to these periods. Methods: Twenty-three prehypertensive older women (EG; 68.3 ± 2.8 years; 1.61 ± 0.44 m) performed 36 weeks of the multicomponent training program (MTP) followed by twelve weeks of DT plus eight weeks of RT. Fifteen prehypertensive older women (CG; 66.3 ± 3.2 years; 1.59 ± 0.37 m) maintained their normal routine. Functional capacity (FC), lipid, and hemodynamic profile were assessed before, during 24 and 36 weeks of the MTP, after 4 and 12 weeks of DT, and after 8 weeks of RT. Results: After 24 weeks of the MTP, only SBP did not improve. Four weeks of DT did not affect lower body strength (30-CS), TC, or GL. Eight weeks of RT improved BP (SBP: −2.52%; ES: 0.36; p < 0.00; DBP: −1.45%; ES: 0.44; p < 0.02), handgrip strength (3.77%; ES: 0.51; p < 0.00), and 30-CS (3.17%; ES: 0.38; p < 0.04) compared with 36 weeks of the MTP. Conclusions: Eight weeks of RT allowed patients to recover the benefits lost with detraining, which after only four weeks affected them negatively, and the systematic practice of exercise contributed to greater regulation of BP since 24 weeks of the MTP proved not to be enough to promote positive effects of SBP.

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Are home-based exercises effective to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive adults? A systematic review

Cited by 4 publications

References 73 publications

Effect of Tai Chi vs Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure in Patients With Prehypertension

Effect of Tai Chi vs Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure in Patients With Prehypertension

Obesity-related hypertension and chronic kidney disease: from evaluation to management

Detraining and Retraining Effects from a Multicomponent Training Program on the Functional Capacity and Health Profile of Physically Active Prehypertensive Older Women

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