Are Girls More Ambitious Than Boys? Vocational Interests Partly Explain Gender Differences in Occupational Aspirations

Wicht, Alexandra; Miyamoto, Ai; Lechner, Clemens M.

doi:10.1177/0894845321991665

Cited by 20 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Sociostructural characteristics, in particular, were indirectly related to the AAG via occupational aspirations. This is in line with our expectations and consistent with previous findings in the literature whereby higher parental SES (e.g., Kay et al, 2016;Salikutluk, 2013;Schoon & Polek, 2011), higher cultural capital (e.g., Wicht, 2016), a migration background (e.g., McElvany et al, 2018;Salikutluk, 2013), and being female (e.g., Guo et al, 2015;Schoon & Polek, 2011;Wicht et al, 2021) are related to higher aspirations (see Appendix E). Higher school grades were also indirectly associated with the risk and size of an AAG, which is in line with evidence from previous studies that higher educational achievement is related to higher aspirations (e.g., Kay et al, 2016;Salikutluk, 2013).…”

Section: What Explains the Occupational Aag?supporting

confidence: 93%

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“You Can’t Always Get What You Want”: Prevalence and Predictors of the Aspiration–Attainment Gap After the School-to-Work Transition

Nießen¹,

Wicht²,

Schoon³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This study examined the prevalence and predictors of the aspiration–attainment gap (AAG) after the school-to-work transition. We operationalized the AAG as the discrepancy between the socioeconomic status (SES) of young people’s realistic occupational aspirations and that of the position they actually attained. As a case in point, we investigated non-college-bound students transitioning into a vocational education and training (VET) position in Germany. Our aims were twofold: first, to establish how many students experience an AAG of what size; second, to identify characteristics that predict whether students experience an AAG. In this regard, we considered sociostructural characteristics, cognitive ability and school grades, and Big Five personality traits as predictors (i.e., potential determinants) of the AAG. Anal-yses in a representative sample (N = 2,478) of intermediate secondary school (Realschule) students/graduates from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS; Starting Cohort 4) revealed that 45.9% of students experienced an AAG. Two-part regression models showed that the level of aspirations was the strongest predictor of the experience and size of an AAG. Aspirations also mediated the effect of several other predictors, most importantly parental SES and school grades. Some individual resources proved to have contradictory effects: They indirectly increased the risk of experiencing an AAG by raising aspirations, but at the same time they lowered this risk by directly increasing attainment. Overall, our results suggest that the AAG during the transition from school to VET is a widespread experience among students in Germany that is worthy of further investigation.

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Section: What Explains the Occupational Aag?supporting

confidence: 93%

“…This phenomenon has been referred to as the immigrants' aspiration-achievement paradox (e.g., Kao & Tienda, 1998;Salikutluk, 2013). And finally, females have been found to have higher aspirations than males (e.g., Schoon & Polek, 2011;Wicht et al, 2021).…”

Section: Socio-structural Characteristics As Predictors Of Aspirations and Attainmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“You Can’t Always Get What You Want”: Prevalence and Predictors of the Aspiration–Attainment Gap After the School-to-Work Transition

Nießen¹,

Wicht²,

Schoon³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, a new pattern of results also emerged: females were more likely to aspire to investigative careers compared to males. This finding is encouraging because it counters certain gender role expectations about STEM careers (Su & Rounds, 2015;Wicht et al, 2020). Nonetheless, gender norms clearly still play an outsized role in shaping youth's career aspirations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Dream Jobs and Employment Realities: How Adolescents’ Career Aspirations Compare to Labor Demands and Automation Risks

Hoff

Egdom

Napolitano

et al. 2021

Journal of Career Assessment

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Despite a rapidly changing labor market, little is known about how youth’s career goals correspond to projections about the future of work. This research examined the career aspirations of 3,367 adolescents (age 13–18 years) from 42 U.S. states. We conducted a large-scale coding effort using the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) to compile the vocational interests, educational requirements, and automation risk levels of career aspirations. Results revealed that most adolescents aspired to careers with low potential for automation. However, there were large discrepancies between the sample’s aspirations and the types of jobs available when the sample entered the workforce. Almost 50% of adolescents aspired to either an investigative or artistic career, which together account for only 8% of the U.S. labor market. There were also notable trends across age and gender, such that aspirations were more gendered among younger adolescents, whereas older adolescents appeared less influenced by gender stereotypes. Overall, findings indicate important discrepancies between young people’s dream jobs and employment realities. We discuss how lofty career aspirations can have both positive and negative effects, and we present implications for career theories and workforce development initiatives aimed at promoting a more dynamic future workforce.

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“…Wanita meletakkan impian yang tinggi terhadap kerjaya yang akan ceburi. Kecenderungan terhadap perkerjaan telah menunjukkan minat yang ketara dalam terhadap kualiti pendidikan dalam kalangan belia wanita (Wicht et al, 2022). Belia lelaki didapati mempunyai aspirasi yang tinggi terhadap sukan, terutamanya terhadap sukan yang melibatkan aktiviti berpasukan.…”

Section: Sorotan Literaturunclassified

Memperkasa aspirasi ekonomi dan gaya belia Melayu: Faktor penentu kemenangan dalam pilihan raya umum ke-15

2022

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Belia sering dilihat mempunyai semangat yang tinggi dan optimis dalam mendukung idea perubahan dalam sesebuah negara. Idea yang menjadi aspirasi kepada belia dalam sesebuah negara boleh mempengaruhi masyarakat umum. Artikel ini bertujuan mengenal pasti kedudukan, pengaruh antara aspirasi dan hubungannya dengan pemboleh ubah bebas dan bersandar yang mewujudkan suatu aspirasi kepada belia. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah soal selidik terhadap 455 orang responden dari Parlimen Marang yang terdiri daripada belia yang berumur 18 hingga 40 tahun yang dipilih secara rawak berstrata. Hasil kajian menunjukkan belia cenderung memilih aspirasi yang melibatkan gaya hidup, sukan dan ekonomi sebagai pilihan utama. Hasil kajian juga telah menunjukkan bahawa terdapatnya hubungan yang signifikan antara aspirasi dalam kalangan belia. Bagaimanapun, kewujudkan aspirasi dalam kalangan belia tidak mempunyai hubungan yang kuat dengan faktor jantina, umur, pekerjaan dan tahap pendidikan. Implikasi dapatan kajian telah menunjukkan bahawa aspirasi belia yang wujud adalah tidak berdasarkan kepada penilaianpenilaian yang matang daripada belia itu sendiri. Dapatan daripada makalah ini boleh digunakan oleh parti politik untuk merangkan strategi yang sesuai dalam kempen pilihanraya akan datang. Oleh itu, dasar undi pada umur 18 tahun perlu dikaji semula kewajarannya agar penentuan yang dibuat oleh belia dalam suatu pilihan raya tidak dibuat berdasarkan pilihan yang salah.

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Are Girls More Ambitious Than Boys? Vocational Interests Partly Explain Gender Differences in Occupational Aspirations

Cited by 20 publications

References 56 publications

“You Can’t Always Get What You Want”: Prevalence and Predictors of the Aspiration–Attainment Gap After the School-to-Work Transition

“You Can’t Always Get What You Want”: Prevalence and Predictors of the Aspiration–Attainment Gap After the School-to-Work Transition

Dream Jobs and Employment Realities: How Adolescents’ Career Aspirations Compare to Labor Demands and Automation Risks

Memperkasa aspirasi ekonomi dan gaya belia Melayu: Faktor penentu kemenangan dalam pilihan raya umum ke-15

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