Are fish associations with corals and sponges more than an affinity to structure? Evidence across two widely divergent ecosystems

Rooper, Christopher N.; Goddard, Pamela; Wilborn, Rachel E.

doi:10.1139/cjfas-2018-0264

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…We found relatively low congruence in the spatial distributions of hotspots for different species groups. This result appears to be inconsistent with evidence that corals and sponges are foundation species that provide biogenic habitats to Sebastidae 42,43 , but our data might be equivocal on this matter. Our sampling at the deeper depths where sponge and coral reefs are expected (>100 m) 58 was limited, and the sponge gardens (Fig 4b) documented at shallow depths tended to be associated with benthopelagic species of rockfish that are relatively short-lived, and therefore weighted more lightly in hotspot index calculations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Our sampling at the deeper depths where sponge and coral reefs are expected (>100 m) 58 was limited, and the sponge gardens (Fig 4b) documented at shallow depths tended to be associated with benthopelagic species of rockfish that are relatively short-lived, and therefore weighted more lightly in hotspot index calculations. Future surveys that prioritize sampling at deeper depths are needed to better understand spatial overlap among hotspot distributions for Sebastidae and foundation species 42,43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As sessile foundation species vulnerable to bottom contact fishing gear 18,42 , structural corals and large-bodied sponges also are suited for hotspot delineation at small spatial scales. In addition to forming biogenic habitats used by other species 43 , corals and sponges influence ecosystems through water filtration, carbon sequestration and basal support for food webs 19,[44][45][46] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hotspots for rockfishes, structural corals, and large-bodied sponges along the central coast of Pacific Canada

Frid¹,

McGreer²,

Preez

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Biological hotspots are places with outstanding biodiversity features, and their delineation is essential to the design of marine protected area networks (MPANs). For the Central Coast of Canada’s Northern Shelf Bioregion, where a MPAN is being developed, we identified hotspots for structural corals and large-bodied sponges, which are foundation species vulnerable to bottom contact fisheries, and for Sebastidae, a fish family that includes long-lived (> 100 years) and overexploited species with high trophic positions. Using 10 years of survey data that spanned from inland fjords to oceanic waters, we derived hotspot indices that accounted for species characteristics and abundances, and examined hotspot distributions across depths and oceanographic subregions. The results highlighted previously undocumented hotspot locations for each species group, thereby informing the placement of MPAs for which high levels of protection are warranted. Given the vulnerability of the species groups that we examined to cumulative fishery impacts, prospective MPAs derived from our data should be considered for interim protection measures during the protracted period between final network design and the enactment of MPA legislations. These recommendations reflect our scientific data, which are only one way of understanding the seascape. Our extensive surveys did not cover many locations known to Indigenous peoples as biologically important. Consequently, it is paramount that Indigenous knowledge also contributes substantially to the design of the MPAN.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hotspots for rockfishes, structural corals, and large-bodied sponges along the central coast of Pacific Canada

Frid¹,

McGreer²,

Preez

et al. 2021

Preprint

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show abstract

“…As sessile foundation species vulnerable to bottom contact fishing gear, structural corals and large-bodied sponges also are suited for hotspot delineation at small spatial scales. In addition to forming biogenic habitats for other species 20 , 43 , 44 , corals and sponges influence ecosystems through water filtration, carbon sequestration and basal support for food webs 19 , 45 – 47 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hotspots for rockfishes, structural corals, and large-bodied sponges along the central coast of Pacific Canada

Frid

McGreer²,

Wilson³

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Biological hotspots are places with outstanding biodiversity features, and their delineation is essential to the design of marine protected areas (MPAs). For the Central Coast of Canada’s Northern Shelf Bioregion, where an MPA network is being developed, we identified hotspots for structural corals and large-bodied sponges, which are foundation species vulnerable to bottom contact fisheries, and for Sebastidae, a fish family which includes species that are long-lived (> 100 years), overexploited, evolutionary distinctive, and at high trophic levels. Using 11 years of survey data that spanned from inland fjords to oceanic waters, we derived hotspot indices that accounted for species characteristics and abundances and examined hotspot distribution across depths and oceanographic subregions. The results highlight previously undocumented hotspot distributions, thereby informing the placement of MPAs for which high levels of protection are warranted. Given the vulnerability of the taxa that we examined to cumulative fishery impacts, prospective MPAs derived from our data should be considered for interim protection measures during the protracted period between final network design and the enactment of MPA legislations. These recommendations reflect our scientific data, which are only one way of understanding the seascape. Our surveys did not cover many locations known to Indigenous peoples as biologically important. Consequently, Indigenous knowledge should also contribute substantially to the design of the MPA network.

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“…Structural corals are coral taxa that are erect and branching (including the orders Antipatharia, Alcyonacea and Anthoathecata) and large‐bodied sponges are sponge taxa that are erect and vase‐ or mound‐shaped (including the classes Hexactinellidae and Demospongiae). Both species groups are foundation species that provide habitat to rockfishes and other organisms (Archer et al, 2020; Buhl‐Mortensen & Mortensen, 2005; Du Preez et al, 2020; Dunham et al, 2018; Rooper et al, 2019; Stone et al, 2015). Their ecological roles also include water filtration, carbon sequestration and basal support for food webs (Archer et al, 2020; Bo et al, 2018; Dunham et al, 2018; Soetaert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Examples Of Species Declinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting our coast for everyone's future: Indigenous and scientific knowledge support marine spatial protections proposed by Central Coast First Nations in Pacific Canada

Reid¹,

Collins

Hall

et al. 2022

People and Nature

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1. We, the Haíłzaqv, Kitasoo Xai'xais, Nuxalk and Wuikinuxv First Nations, are the traditional stewards of our territories in the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada. Our traditional laws obligate us to manage and protect our territories for current and future generations. Spatial management is inherent to our cultures through the Hereditary Chief governance system, in which specific people within a lineage inherit the rights and responsibilities for stewarding specific areas. 2. Since the 19th century, we have been experiencing cultural disruptions caused by settler colonialism, which are now worsened by the declines of marine species vital to our cultures. These declines reflect fishery impacts exacerbated by climate change. 3. Western fisheries management focuses on maximum sustained yields (MSY), ignoring body size declines that disrupt food webs and diminish population productivity for vertebrate and invertebrate taxa, thereby eroding resilience to climate change. The worldview encompassed by the MSY framework-take the most that you can without compromising future exploitation while assuming no environmental change-is the antithesis of ours-take only what you need and leave lots for the ecosystem. Furthermore, standard stock assessments do not account for uncertainties inherent to climate change effects on distributions and productivity, and many by-catch species are unassessed. 4. Consistent with our traditional knowledge, scientific evidence indicates that marine protected areas (MPAs), coupled with other measures to reduce fishing mortality, can restore exploited species, safeguard biodiversity and contribute to fisheries sustainability. 5. In the 2000s, we paired Indigenous knowledge and Western science to develop marine spatial plans. These plans are foundational in our contribution to the ongoing development of the Marine Protected Area Network for Canada's | 1053 People and Nature REID et al.

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Are fish associations with corals and sponges more than an affinity to structure? Evidence across two widely divergent ecosystems

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

Hotspots for rockfishes, structural corals, and large-bodied sponges along the central coast of Pacific Canada

Hotspots for rockfishes, structural corals, and large-bodied sponges along the central coast of Pacific Canada

Hotspots for rockfishes, structural corals, and large-bodied sponges along the central coast of Pacific Canada

Protecting our coast for everyone's future: Indigenous and scientific knowledge support marine spatial protections proposed by Central Coast First Nations in Pacific Canada

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