Are ectotherm brains vulnerable to global warming?

Beltrán, Iván; Herculano‐Houzel, Suzana; Sinervo, Barry; Whiting, Martin J.

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2021.04.009

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Together, these results suggest that both high and low temperatures engage ATP‐related functions, further reiterating that both treatments push birds beyond thermoneutrality. These findings are building a much needed platform to understand the extent to which brains are vulnerable to a changing climate (Beltrán et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How thermal challenges change gene regulation in the songbird brain and gonad: Implications for sexual selection in our changing world

et al. 2022

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Life on Earth is currently experiencing the highest temperatures in recorded history (Wallace-Wells, 2020). Whereas extreme heat anomalies were limited to <1% of the Earth's surface in the past, extreme events now cover more than 10% of the land area (Hansen et al., 2012). Despite this global challenge, we know relatively little about the impact of heat waves on terrestrial animal populations (Stillman, 2019). Furthermore, the effects of heat on behaviour and physiology are far less well understood in endotherms than

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How thermal challenges change gene regulation in the songbird brain and gonad: Implications for sexual selection in our changing world

et al. 2022

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“…We find a large number of processes that cross boundaries and barriers in both directions without any statistical mediation. For example, osmosis and other forms of diffusion, the ergodicity-breaking formation of protein nanoclusters affecting ion-channels in neurons (Weron et al, 2017), horizontal transfer of plasmids in bacteria (Soucy et al, 2015), the cumulative effects of diet and adaptation to toxins or their expulsion (Landecker, 2011), direct energy transfer in photosynthesis, temperature equilibration and temperature-induced neural plasticity in cold-blooded animals (e.g., Beltrán et al, 2021), and "externalized" physiological processes such as the extraction of gaseous oxygen underwater by insects trapping air bubbles in their abdomen (e.g., Turner, 2000). Not to mention more complex processes such as cell division, sexual reproduction, host-parasite relations, gut microbiota, and symbiosis in general.…”

Section: Mutual Enablement and Co-constitution Of Internal And Extern...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laying down a forking path: Tensions between enaction and the free energy principle

2022

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Several authors have made claims about the compatibility between the Free Energy Principle (FEP) and theories of autopoiesis and enaction. Many see these theories as natural partners or as making similar statements about the nature of biological and cognitive systems. We critically examine these claims and identify a series of misreadings and misinterpretations of key enactive concepts. In particular, we notice a tendency to disregard the operational definition of autopoiesis and the distinction between a system’s structure and its organization. Other misreadings concern the conflation of processes of self-distinction in operationally closed systems and Markov blankets. Deeper theoretical tensions underlie some of these misinterpretations. FEP assumes systems that reach a non-equilibrium steady state and are enveloped by a Markov blanket. We argue that these assumptions contradict the historicity of sense-making that is explicit in the enactive approach. Enactive concepts such as adaptivity and agency are defined in terms of the modulation of parameters and constraints of the agent-environment coupling, which entail the possibility of changes in variable and parameter sets, constraints, and in the dynamical laws affecting the system. This allows enaction to address the path-dependent diversity of human bodies and minds. We argue that these ideas are incompatible with the time invariance of non-equilibrium steady states assumed by the FEP. In addition, the enactive perspective foregrounds the enabling and constitutive roles played by the world in sense-making, agency, development. We argue that this view of transactional and constitutive relations between organisms and environments is a challenge to the FEP. Once we move beyond superficial similarities, identify misreadings, and examine the theoretical commitments of the two approaches, we reach the conclusion that far from being easily integrated, the FEP, as it stands formulated today, is in tension with the theories of autopoiesis and enaction.

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“…Anthropogenic changes in climate and habitat have caused a decline in abundance, a shift in geographic range or phenology, and changes in the morphology, physiology, or behaviour of many species, sometimes leading to alterations in life history and ecological relationships (Bartomeus et al, 2011; Beltrán et al, 2021; Biesmeijer et al, 2006; Burkle et al, 2013; Burraco et al, 2020; Chou et al, 2019; Chung & Schulte, 2020; Duffy et al, 2015; Huey & Kingsolver, 2019; Jacobson et al, 2018; Kuhlmann et al, 2012; Ockendon et al, 2014; Parmesan, 2006; Sánchez‐Bayo & Wyckhuys, 2019; Sinervo et al, 2010; Turley et al, 2022; Walters & Hassall, 2006; Zattara & Aizen, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centris pallida(Hymenoptera: Apidae) male body size decreases across five decades

Barrett

Johnson

2022

Ecological Entomology

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Historical data suggest that many bee species have declined in body size. Larger-bodied bees with narrow phenological and dietary breadth are most prone to declines in body size over time. This may be especially true in solitary, desert-adapted species that are vulnerable to climate change such as Centris pallida (Hymenoptera: Apidae). In addition, body size changes in species with size-linked behaviours could threaten the prevalence of certain behavioural phenotypes long-term. C. pallida solitary bees are found in the Sonoran Desert. Males use alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) and are dimorphic in both morphology and behaviour. C. pallida male body size has been studied since the 1970s in the same population. The authors collected body size data in 2022 and combined it with published records from 1974-2022. The authors find a persistent decline in the mean head width of patrolling males, and shifts towards smaller body sizes in the populations of males found foraging and hovering. Both morphs declined in average body size, and the proportion of large-morph males in the population decreased by 8%.Mating males did not decline in mean body size over the last five decades. The authors discuss hypotheses related to the decline in C. pallida male head width. Finally, the authors advocate for C. pallida as an excellent study system for understanding the stability of ARTs with size-linked behavioural phenotypes.

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Are ectotherm brains vulnerable to global warming?

Cited by 22 publications

References 67 publications

How thermal challenges change gene regulation in the songbird brain and gonad: Implications for sexual selection in our changing world

How thermal challenges change gene regulation in the songbird brain and gonad: Implications for sexual selection in our changing world

Laying down a forking path: Tensions between enaction and the free energy principle

Centris pallida(Hymenoptera: Apidae) male body size decreases across five decades

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