Are Drosophila SR drive chromosomes always balanced?

Carvalho, Antonio Bernardo; Vaz, Suzana Casaccia

doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6886100

Cited by 64 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…If in nature, monogamous populations harbouring sex-ratio distorters are generally at a higher risk of going extinct, this would further add to an association between polyandry and the presence of SGEs. This possibility may be difficult to quantify in the wild, because documenting extinction events of entire populations is inherently difficult to observe [90]. The recent discovery of a cline in polyandry that underlies the cline in SR in D. pseudoobscura across North America may hint at such a relationship between degree of polyandry and the frequency of SR (T. A. R. Price, G. D. D. Hurst & N. Weddell 2012, unpublished data).…”

Section: Consequences Of Polyandry For the Dynamics Of Selfish Genetimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore likely that SGEs are more common in populations than we can appreciate at first glance. Such genetic suppressors are often population specific; hence divergent populations may be at risk when coming into secondary contact as they may be exposed to a SGE without the protection of a corresponding suppressor [90]. The impact can be pronounced by generating severe reproductive incompatibilities and hybrid dysfunction [96] that can contribute to species divergence and potentially even speciation [97].…”

Section: Summary and Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The dynamic relationship between polyandry and selfish genetic elements

Wedell

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Selfish genetic elements (SGEs) are ubiquitous in eukaryotes and bacteria, and make up a large part of the genome. They frequently target sperm to increase their transmission success, but these manipulations are often associated with reduced male fertility. Low fertility of SGE-carrying males is suggested to promote polyandry as a female strategy to bias paternity against male carriers. Support for this hypothesis is found in several taxa, where SGE-carrying males have reduced sperm competitive ability. In contrast, when SGEs give rise to reproductive incompatibilities between SGE-carrying males and females, polyandry is not necessarily favoured, irrespective of the detrimental impact on male fertility. This is due to the frequency-dependent nature of these incompatibilities, because they will decrease in the population as the frequency of SGEs increases. However, reduced fertility of SGE-carrying males can prevent the successful population invasion of SGEs. In addition, SGEs can directly influence male and female mating behaviour, mating rates and reproductive traits (e.g. female reproductive tract length and male sperm). This reveals a potent and dynamic interaction between SGEs and polyandry highlighting the potential to generate sexual selection and conflict, but also indicates that polyandry can promote harmony within the genome by undermining the spread of SGEs.

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Section: Consequences Of Polyandry For the Dynamics Of Selfish Genetimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary and Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamic relationship between polyandry and selfish genetic elements

Wedell

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Our D. mauritiana strains did not show obvious signs of sex-ratio distortion, but theoretical models predict that ongoing intragenomic conflict results in rapid cycles during which competing alleles rise and fall in frequency (Charlesworth and Hartl 1978;Carvalho and Vaz 1999;Hall 2004). Driver alleles, such as sex-ratio distorters, will increase in frequency until a suppressor allele arrives, which spreads, and the genomic conflict ultimately disappears (i.e., the population reaches a balanced sex ratio).…”

Section: Nucleoporins As a Preferential Target For Positive Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Driver alleles, such as sex-ratio distorters, will increase in frequency until a suppressor allele arrives, which spreads, and the genomic conflict ultimately disappears (i.e., the population reaches a balanced sex ratio). While an almost complete sweep of a strongly distorting allele appears unlikely, theoretical models have described situations under which such a pattern is predicted (Charlesworth and Hartl 1978;Carvalho and Vaz 1999;Hall 2004).…”

Section: Nucleoporins As a Preferential Target For Positive Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide patterns of natural variation reveal strong selective sweeps and ongoing genomic conflict in Drosophila mauritiana

Nolte¹,

Pandey²,

Kofler³

et al. 2012

Genome Res.

117

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Although it is well understood that selection shapes the polymorphism pattern in Drosophila, signatures of classic selective sweeps are scarce. Here, we focus on Drosophila mauritiana, an island endemic, which is closely related to Drosophila melanogaster. Based on a new, annotated genome sequence, we characterized the genome-wide polymorphism by sequencing pooled individuals (Pool-seq). We show that the interplay between selection and recombination results in a genome-wide polymorphism pattern characteristic for D. mauritiana. Two large genomic regions (>500 kb) showed the signature of almost complete selective sweeps. We propose that the absence of population structure and limited geographic distribution could explain why such pronounced sweep patterns are restricted to D. mauritiana. Further evidence for strong adaptive evolution was detected for several nucleoporin genes, some of which were not previously identified as genes involved in genomic conflict. Since this adaptive evolution is continuing after the split of D. mauritiana and Drosophila simulans, we conclude that genomic conflict is not restricted to short episodes, but rather an ongoing process in Drosophila.

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“…Although various authors have noted the ability of sex-ratio distorters to attain high prevalence if unrepressed (2,11,12), the ability of sex-ratio distorters to remain unrepressed over significant periods of time remains a contentious issue and is unsubstantiated. To test whether sex-ratio distorters can rise to and be maintained at high prevalence without repression, we need to examine case studies where there is historical evidence of sex-ratio bias and determine whether the sex-ratio bias is maintained over time (indicating selective constraints on the autosomes) or whether it disappears (indicating that selection on the autosomes results in repression).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of an extreme sex-ratio bias in a natural population

Dyson

Hurst

2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

181

185

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The sex ratio is a key parameter in the evolution and ecology of a species. Selfish genetic elements that bias the sex ratio of affected individuals are well known and characterized, but their effect on populations has been considered limited, because either the element does not achieve high prevalence or the host rapidly evolves resistance to the distorting element, reducing its prevalence. We tested whether the host necessarily prevails by using a butterfly system where records from the early part of the 20th century reported extreme sex-ratio bias in nature. We reexamined this population and found the bias was present today, 400 generations after the original record, with a population sex ratio of 100 females per male. The sex-ratio bias was associated with the presence of a heritable male-killing Wolbachia infection in 99% of adult females, against which the host butterfly has failed to evolve resistance. The resultant dearth of males causes an average 57% reduction in the reproductive output of adult females. Persistence of the population despite the very high frequency of the sex-ratio distorter appears to be associated with the ability of males to mate >50 times in their life combined with a high intrinsic rate of increase of the species.

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Are Drosophila SR drive chromosomes always balanced?

Cited by 64 publications

References 42 publications

The dynamic relationship between polyandry and selfish genetic elements

The dynamic relationship between polyandry and selfish genetic elements

Genome-wide patterns of natural variation reveal strong selective sweeps and ongoing genomic conflict in Drosophila mauritiana

Persistence of an extreme sex-ratio bias in a natural population

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