Are Diabetes, Hypertension, and Obesity Independent Risk Factors for Endometrial Polyps?

Nappi, Luigi; Indraccolo, Ugo; Sardo, Attilio Di Spiezio; Gentile, Giorgio; Palombino, Katia; Castaldi, Maria Antonietta; Spinelli, Marialuigia; Greco, Pantaleo

doi:10.1016/j.jmig.2008.11.004

Cited by 57 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In a prospective study of 1000 infertile women who underwent hysteroscopy before in vitro fertilization, it was found that 32% of patients had EP (20). From mechanistic perspective, it seems that endometrial stimulation by estrogen, genetic mutations, age, obesity, hypertension and diabetes are implicated in pathogens of EPs (21)(22)(23)(24)(25). It worth note that age may be the most important predisposing factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histologic Features and Differential Diagnosis of Endometrial Polyps; An Update and Review

Tabrizi¹

2016

IJWHR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionAmong the endometrial lesions, endometrial polyps (EPs) are commonly seen in the premenopausal and postmenpuasal age group and are found in 25% of endometrial specimens performed for abnormal uterine bleeding (1). EPs are generally considered as local hyperplasitic lesions of endometrial stroma which covered by epithelium. These lesions are seen single or multiple, sessile or pedunculated and the size range differs from millimetres to centimetres. In 10% of cases they mimic endocervical polyp due to prolapsus from external os (2,3). In a case of sufficient clinical, hysteroscopic and imaging information, the histologic diagnosis is usually straightforward. From clinical and prognostic standpoint, it should be emphasized that rarely these lesion may harbour premalignant and malignant lesions particularly in older age group. Therefore careful histologic examination for rule out of raised malignant lesions should be considered. In the other hand in rare cases these lesions may show metastatic involvement particularly from lobular breast carcinoma. Prevalence of these lesions in association with clinical presentation and histologic features will be presented and differential diagnosis with special emphasis on rule out of malignant lesions will be discussed. PrevalenceIn the 2402 office hysteroscopy performed on women with mean age of 39.4 years old for several indications, the prevalence of EP was 27.2% (4). Based on used diagnostic method and study group the mentioned rate varies between 6% to 32% and this rate increases with age (5-7). In another large study carried out on 686 Danish women in range of 20-79 years of old who accepted to be examined by both transvaginal sonography and saline contrast sonohysterography, the prevalence of EP was 7.8% (5). In this study the EPs were rare (0.9%) between young women and in women older than 30 years the prevalence was 9.2%. EPs are rarely found in OCP user whereas in the women who were on hormone replacement therapy the prevalence was much higher (2.1% vs. 25%) (5). Respect to hormones as an etiologic factor, high frequency of endometrial hyperplasia was found in the non-polyploid region of endometrium in premenopausal and postmenopausal women (8). Clinical PresentationThe usual clinical presentations of EPs may include menorrhagia, intermenstrual bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding and infertility. However the majority of patients may be asymptomatic and the prevalence could be similar in symptomatic and asymptomatic women (5). These findings indicates that there is no consistent relationship between abnormal uterine bleeding and existence of EPs and why hysteroscopic resection of EPs does not always result in relief of symptoms (9). A pathologist should be alert that in the most cases of protruded EPs, the usual clinical diagnosis will be endocervical polyp by the gynaecologist. Regard to tamoxifen, EPs are the most common pathology that could be seen in these patients. In these patients the prevalence of AbstractAmong the endometrial lesions, endometrial poly...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histologic Features and Differential Diagnosis of Endometrial Polyps; An Update and Review

Tabrizi¹

2016

IJWHR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are reports of significant correlation between DM and endometrial polyps and there are also reports of no correlation. 8,24,25 To date few studies have investigated cervical polyps and their pathogenesis in detail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension Risk Factors for Cervical Polyps?

Uçar¹,

Uçar²,

İlhan³

et al. 2016

Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

226ervical polyps are common benign neoplasms of the cervix in adult women.1 They are believed to develop as a result of focal hyperplasia. They usually develop in multiparous women during the fifth Are Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension Risk Factors for Cervical Polyps?A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : To investigate whether diabetes, hypertension, and obesity can be considered risk factors for cervical polyps. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : The hospital-based case-control study was carried out. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 307 consecutive patients with cervical polyps. A control group consisting of 3 women per case-matched by the same age, same parity, same menopausal status and the same presenting symptoms. These groups were compared with respect of diabetes, hypertension and obesity prevalence. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : The study included a total of 212 patients eligible for analysis in cervical polyp group, and a matched control group consisting of 636 women without cervical polyp. Women with cervical polyp had higher body mass index than the controls, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.72). The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in the cervical polyp group than the controls (p=0.016). A statistically significant correlation was found between obesity and cervical polyps (OR: 1.351, CI: 1.062-1,718). There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to the prevalence of diabetes (p=0.795) and hypertension (p=0.703). C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : Obesity appears to be a risk factor for cervical polyps. Obese women should receive special attention for potential coexistence of cervical polyps as part of their gynecological evaluation. This study supports the importance of weight management for the preventive plan of cervical polyps.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Cervix uteri; polyps; diabetes mellitus; hypertension; obesity Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Diyabet, hipertansiyon ve obezitenin servikal polipler için risk faktörü olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Hastane tabanlı vaka-kontrol çalışması oluşturuldu. 307 ardışık servikal polip hastasının kayıtları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Her servikal polip hastası için, aynı yaş, aynı parite, aynı menopozal durumda ve aynı başvuru şikayeti ile gelen 3 kontrol hastası belirlendi. Gruplar hipertansiyon, diyabet ve obezite prevalansı açısından karşılaştırıldı. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Çalışma kriterlerine uygun servikal polibi olan 212 hasta vaka grubuna ve servikal polibi olmayan eşleştirilmiş 636 hasta kontrol grubuna dahil edildi. Servikal polip hastalarının beden kitle indeksi, kontrol grubundan daha fazlaydı, ancak bu fark istatistiksel anlamlı değildi (p=0,72). Obezite prevalansı servikal polip grubunda, kontrol grubundan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu (p=0,016). Obezite ve servikal polipler arasında istatistiksel anlamlı düzeyde korelasyon saptandı (OR: 1,351, ...

show abstract

“…Estudos epidemiológicos têm relatado associações de risco para o desenvolvimento do câncer endometrial com os componentes individuais da SM, incluindo obesidade, diabetes e hipertensão, com possível associação também com os pólipos endometriais [13][14][15] . Contudo, outras investigações têm demonstrado que, embora hipertensão, diabetes e obesidade sejam variáveis significativamente associadas aos pólipos endometriais, estas perdem significância quando são realizados estudos de regressão logística multivariada ajustada para a idade 6,9 . No presente estudo, as pacientes com pólipo endometrial apresentaram idade mais avançada, com maior idade da menopausa e tempo de menopausa quando comparadas ao controle.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…No presente estudo, as pacientes com pólipo endometrial apresentaram idade mais avançada, com maior idade da menopausa e tempo de menopausa quando comparadas ao controle. Diversos estudos demonstraram risco maior para o desenvolvimento de pólipos e do câncer de endométrio com o avançar da idade e com o tempo transcorrido de menopausa, sendo tais fatores considerados como fatores de risco independentes para o desenvolvimento dessas condições 7,9 . Neste estudo, observou-se que uma maior porcentagem de mulheres com pólipo era obesa (72%) quando comparadas as mulheres sem alterações endometriais (39%).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A incidência do câncer de endométrio associado aos pólipos está em torno de 3,5%, variando segundo a maioria dos estudos entre 0,0 e 4,8%, sendo que esse risco é maior em mulheres na pós-menopausa com sangramento 6,7 . Como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de pólipos endometriais, bem como para degeneração maligna dos mesmos, são considerados idade avançada, nuliparidade, menarca precoce, menopausa tardia, obesidade, diabetes, hipertensão e uso de tamoxifeno 8,9 . A síndrome metabólica (SM) é definida como um conjunto de fatores de riscos metabólicos que incluem obesidade abdominal, dislipidemia, hipertensão arterial e disglicemia (resistência à insulina, intolerância à glicose ou diabetes) 10,11 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fatores preditivos para a ocorrência de pólipos endometriais em mulheres na pós-menopausa

Bueloni-Dias¹,

Dias²,

Neto³

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumoOBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores clínicos preditivos para o desenvolvimento dos pólipos endometriais em mulheres na pós-menopausa. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte observacional com mulheres na pós-menopausa, que haviam sido atendidas em hospital público universitário. Dados clínicos, antropométricos, laboratoriais e ultrassonográficos de 132 pacientes com diagnóstico anatomopatológico de pólipo endometrial e de 264 mulheres sem alterações endometriais (controle) foram comparados para avaliar os fatores preditivos do pólipo endometrial. Foram incluídas no estudo mulheres com amenorreia ≥12 meses e idade ≥45 anos, em uma proporção de 1 caso para 2 controles. Para a análise estatística, foram empregados os testes t de Student, χ 2 e regressão logística -odds ratio (OR). RESULTADOS: As pacientes com pólipo endometrial apresentaram idade mais avançada e maior tempo de menopausa quando comparadas ao controle (p<0,0001). A porcentagem de mulheres obesas com pólipo (72,0%) foi superior à do Grupo Controle (39%; p<0,0001). A medida da circunferência da cintura foi superior entre as pacientes com pólipo (p=0,0001). Observou-se uma incidência de diabetes, hipertensão e dislipidemias mais elevada nas pacientes com pólipo endometrial (p<0,0001). De acordo com os critérios do US National Cholesterol Education Program/ Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III), 48,5% das mulheres com pólipo e 33,3% do Grupo Controle foram classificadas como portadoras de síndrome metabólica (p=0,004). Em relação ao Grupo Controle, apresentaram maior chance de desenvolvimento de pólipo endometrial as pacientes com: IMC≥25 kg/m 2 (OR=4,6; IC95% 2,1-10,0); glicose ≥100 mg/dL (OR=2,8; IC95% 1,3-5,9); dislipidemia (OR=7,0; IC95% 3,7-13,3); diabetes (OR=2,5; IC95% 1,0-6,3) e síndrome metabólica (OR=2,7; IC95% 1,1-6,4). CONCLUSÃO: Em mulheres na pós-menopausa, obesidade, dislipidemia, hiperglicemia e presença de síndrome metabólica foram fatores preditivos para o desenvolvimento de pólipo endometrial.Abstract PURPOSE: To evaluate the predictive clinical factors for the development of endometrial polyps in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Observational cohort study with postmenopausal women who had been at a public university hospital. Clinical, anthropometrical, laboratorial, and ultrasonographic data of 132 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of endometrial polyps and 264 women without endometrial alterations (control) were compared in order to evaluate the predictive factors of endometrial polyps. Women with amenorrhea ≥12 months and ≥45 years of age were included in the study at a proportion of 1 case for 2 controls. The Student's t-, χ 2 , and logistic regression tests were used for statistical analysis -odds ratio (OR). RESULTS: Patients with endometrial polyps were older and had been in menopause for a longer time compared to control (p<0.0001). The percentage of obese women with polyps (72.0%) was higher compared to the Control Group (39%; p<0.0001). The measurement of waist circumference was superior among patients with polyps

show abstract

Are Diabetes, Hypertension, and Obesity Independent Risk Factors for Endometrial Polyps?

Cited by 57 publications

References 36 publications

Histologic Features and Differential Diagnosis of Endometrial Polyps; An Update and Review

Histologic Features and Differential Diagnosis of Endometrial Polyps; An Update and Review

Are Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension Risk Factors for Cervical Polyps?

Fatores preditivos para a ocorrência de pólipos endometriais em mulheres na pós-menopausa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About