Are dairy cows with a more reactive temperament less efficient in energetic metabolism and do they produce more enteric methane?

Marçal-Pedroza, Maria Guilhermina; Campos, M. M.; Sacramento, J. P.; Pereira, Luis Gustavo Ribeiro; Machado, F. S.; Tomich, T. R.; Costa, Mateus José Rodrigues Paranhos da; Sant’Anna, Aline Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100224

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These factors require further investigation to gain a better understanding. There are data suggesting that the physiological and behavioural reactions to stress in dairy cows may be linked to increased generation of intestinal CH 4 and decreased output [ 118 ].…”

Section: Innovative Technologies Registered Physiological Parameters—...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Marçal-Pedroza et al’s [ 118 ] research, cows that kicked the milking cluster off more often spent 25.24% less net energy on lactation and exhaled 36.77% more enteric CH 4 /kg of milk. Cows that ruminate more at the milking parlour spent 50.00% more metabolizable energy, 57.93% more net energy, and 37.10% less CH 4 /kg of milk [ 118 ]. These findings suggest that the behaviour of cows during milking can have a significant impact on their energy expenditure and methane emissions.…”

Section: Innovative Technologies Registered Physiological Parameters—...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cattle with reactive temperaments, characterised by high flight speed and crush scores, exhibited a longer and more intense activation of the HPA axis and sympathy–adrenomedullary system in response to stress. Both axes play a role in regulating catabolism, maintaining energetic balance, managing energy levels, and storing energy in the body [ 118 ]. Additionally, these findings suggest that cattle with reactive temperaments may have a higher risk of energy imbalances and difficulties in energy storage within their bodies.…”

Section: Innovative Technologies Registered Physiological Parameters—...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Dairy Cow Health and Intensity of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Džermeikaitė,

Krištolaitytė,

Antanaitis

2024

Animals

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The dairy industry is facing criticism for its role in exacerbating global GHG emissions, as climate change becomes an increasingly pressing issue. These emissions mostly originate from methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2). An optimal strategy involves the creation of an economical monitoring device to evaluate methane emissions from dairy animals. Livestock production systems encounter difficulties because of escalating food demand and environmental concerns. Enhancing animal productivity via nutrition, feeding management, reproduction, or genetics can result in a decrease in CH4 emissions per unit of meat or milk. This CH4 unit approach allows for a more accurate comparison of emissions across different animal production systems, considering variations in productivity. Expressing methane emissions per unit allows for easier comparison between different sources of emissions. Expressing emissions per unit (e.g., per cow) highlights the relative impact of these sources on the environment. By quantifying emissions on a per unit basis, it becomes easier to identify high-emission sources and target mitigation efforts accordingly. Many environmental policies and regulations focus on reducing emissions per unit of activity or output. By focusing on emissions per unit, policymakers and producers can work together to implement practices that lower emissions without sacrificing productivity. Expressing methane emissions in this way aligns with policy goals aimed at curbing overall greenhouse gas emissions. While it is true that total emissions affect the atmosphere globally, breaking down emissions per unit helps to understand the specific contributions of different activities and sectors to overall greenhouse gas emissions. Tackling cattle health issues can increase productivity, reduce GHG emissions, and improve animal welfare. Addressing livestock health issues can also provide favourable impacts on human health by reducing the prevalence of infectious illnesses in livestock, thereby mitigating the likelihood of zoonotic infections transmitting to humans. The progress in animal health offers the potential for a future in which the likelihood of animal diseases is reduced because of improved immunity, more effective preventative techniques, earlier identification, and innovative treatments. The primary objective of veterinary medicine is to eradicate clinical infectious diseases in small groups of animals. However, as the animal population grows, the emphasis shifts towards proactive treatment to tackle subclinical diseases and enhance production. Proactive treatment encompasses the consistent monitoring and implementation of preventive measures, such as vaccination and adherence to appropriate nutrition. Through the implementation of these measures, the livestock industry may enhance both animal well-being and mitigate the release of methane and nitrous oxide, thereby fostering environmental sustainability. In addition, advocating for sustainable farming methods and providing farmers with education on the significance of mitigating GHG emissions can bolster the industry’s endeavours to tackle climate change and infectious illnesses. This will result in a more robust and environmentally sustainable agriculture industry. This review seeks to conduct a thorough examination of the correlation between the health condition of cattle, the composition of milk produced, and the emissions of methane gas. It aims to identify areas where research is lacking and to provide guidance for future scientific investigations, policy making, and industry practices. The goal is to address the difficulties associated with methane emissions in the cattle industry. The primary global health challenge is to identify the causative relationship between climate change and infectious illnesses. Reducing CH4 and N2O emissions from digestive fermentation and animal manure can be achieved by improving animal well-being and limiting disease and mortality.

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Section: Innovative Technologies Registered Physiological Parameters—...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Innovative Technologies Registered Physiological Parameters—...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Innovative Technologies Registered Physiological Parameters—...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship between Dairy Cow Health and Intensity of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Džermeikaitė,

Krištolaitytė,

Antanaitis

2024

Animals

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“…Moreover, both the afferent and efferent links can be represented by the nervous and neurohumoral pathways. The reflex depends not only on the strength and nature of the stimulus, but also on the state of the structural elements of the reflex arc (Marçal-Pedroza et al 2021;Stephansen et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the influence of the type of higher nervous activity on the secretion of organic components of milk

Golovan¹,

Yurin²,

Gneush³

et al. 2023

FSAB

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The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of the type of higher nervous activity (HNA) on the secretion of organic components of milk in various milking conditions. Under the influence of the unconditioned stimulus "inadequate udder preparation" in the milk of machine milk in cows in the morning milking: I HNA type - secretion and percentage of milk fat and the ratio of percentage of fat to percentage of lactose decreases, while in all other types there is a decrease in the percentage of fat and protein. In the unbalanced (II) type, the average duration of the milk flow cycle decreases; in the inert (III) and weak (IV) type, the concentration of fat and lactose decreases, and the ratio of fat to lactose in the latter. It is advisable to characterize the stress resistance of animals based on knowledge of their types of HNA. At the same time, the complexity of their determination by known methods should be noted. In dairy farming, it is necessary to provide for the presence of all types of HNA among the cows and take into account their individual characteristics in terms of resistance to stress, the level of milk production and milk yield. It is recommended to apply the model of dairy cows developed by us to objectively determine the type of their stress resistance in production conditions. The presented patterns of changes in the secretory function of the mammary gland under the influence of tested stress factors on dairy cows of different types of higher nervous activity should be used to develop express methods for determining the types of stress resistance in animals and completing the herds of dairy farms.

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“…More data is therefore needed per cow and more cows need to be observed and measured to increase the reliability of the estimation of these correlations to be able to accurately interpret the results. KEYWORDS dairy cattle, genetic correlation, Girolando, heritability, reactivity, workability 1 Introduction Individual variability has been observed in the behavior of dairy cattle in response to a stressor or environmental challenges, leading to considerable impacts on performance, reproduction, health, and animal welfare (Sutherland et al, 2012;Haskell et al, 2014;Friedrich et al, 2015;Hedlund and Løvlie, 2015;Marcal-Pedroza et al, 2021). Previous studies have suggested that calmer cows during milking facilitate handling procedures and have higher production rates and milking speed (Wickhman, 1979;Lawstuen et al, 1988;Cue et al, 1996;Samoréet al, 2010;Sewalem et al, 2011;Hedlund and Løvlie, 2015) in comparison to nervous cows.…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of genetic parameters for milking temperament in Holstein-Gyr cows

et al. 2023

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IntroductionDairy cattle with poor temperament can cause several inconveniences during milking, leading to labor difficulties, increasing the risk of accidents with animals and workers, and compromising milk yield and quality. This study aimed to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for milking temperament and its genetic correlations with milk yield in crossbred Holstein-Gyr cattle.MethodsData were collected at three commercial farms, resulting in 5,904 records from 1,212 primiparous and multiparous lactating cows. Milking temperament (MT), measured as the milking temperament of each cow, was assessed during pre-milking udder preparation (RP) and when fitting the milking cluster (RF) by ascribing scores from 1 (cow stands quietly) to 8 (the cow is very agitated, with vigorous movements and frequent kicking). The number of steps and kicks were also recorded during pre-milking udder preparation (SRP and KRP, respectively) and when fitting the milking cluster (SRF and KRF, respectively). Milk yield (MY) was obtained from each farm database. In two of them, MY was recorded during the monthly milk control (that could or could not coincide with the date when the milking temperament assessments were carried out) and in the remaining farm, MY was recorded on the same day that the milking temperament assessments were made. Genetic parameters were estimated using the THRGibbs1f90 program applying a threshold model, which included 89 contemporary groups as fixed effects, animal age at the assessment day and the number of days in milking as covariates, and direct additive genetic and residual effects as random effects.Results and discussionsThe heritability estimates were MT= 0.14 ± 0.03 (for both, MRP and MRF), MY= 0.11 ± 0.08, SRP= 0.05 ± 0.03, KRP= 0.14 ± 0.05, SRF= 0.10 ± 0.05, and KRF= 0.32 ± 0.16. The repeatability estimates were 0.38 ± 0.05, 0.42 ± 0.02, and 0.84 ± 0.006 for MTRP, MTRF, and MY, respectively; and 0.38 ± 0.02, 0.30 ± 0.07, 0.52 ± 0.02, and 0.46 ± 0.15 for SRP, KRP, SRF, and KRF, respectively. The estimates of most genetic correlation coefficients between MTRP-MTRF were all strong and positive (MTRR-MTRF= 0.63 ± 0.10, MTRP-SRP= 0.65 ± 0.12, MTRP-KRP= 0.56 ± 0.16, MTRF-SRF= 0.77 ± 0.06, and MTRF-KRF= 0.56 ± 0.34) except for MY (MTRP-MY= 0.26 ± 0.26 and MTRF-MY= 0.21 ± 0.23). Despite the low magnitude of MT heritability, it can be included as a selection trait in the breeding program of Holsteins-Gyr cattle, although its genetic progress will be seen only in the long term. Due to the low accuracy of the genetic correlation estimates between MT and MY and the high range of the 95% posterior density interval, it cannot be affirmed by this study that the selection of a milking temperament trait will infer on milk yield. More data is therefore needed per cow and more cows need to be observed and measured to increase the reliability of the estimation of these correlations to be able to accurately interpret the results.

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Are dairy cows with a more reactive temperament less efficient in energetic metabolism and do they produce more enteric methane?

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Relationship between Dairy Cow Health and Intensity of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Relationship between Dairy Cow Health and Intensity of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Study of the influence of the type of higher nervous activity on the secretion of organic components of milk

Estimation of genetic parameters for milking temperament in Holstein-Gyr cows

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