Are Certain Foods Addictive?

Meule, Adrian

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00038

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the translation of substance dependence criteria to eating behavior is not straightforward and, as a result, there is some disagreement among researchers about the precise definitions of food addiction symptoms [31,32,33,34,35]. …”

Section: Parallels Between Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Food Addiction in the Light of DSM-5

2014

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The idea that specific kind of foods may have an addiction potential and that some forms of overeating may represent an addicted behavior has been discussed for decades. In recent years, the interest in food addiction is growing and research on this topic lead to more precise definitions and assessment methods. For example, the Yale Food Addiction Scale has been developed for the measurement of addiction-like eating behavior based on the diagnostic criteria for substance dependence of the fourth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). In 2013, diagnostic criteria for substance abuse and—dependence were merged, thereby increasing the number of symptoms for substance use disorders (SUDs) in the DSM-5. Moreover, gambling disorder is now included along SUDs as a behavioral addiction. Although a plethora of review articles exist that discuss the applicability of the DSM-IV substance dependence criteria to eating behavior, the transferability of the newly added criteria to eating is unknown. Thus, the current article discusses if and how these new criteria may be translated to overeating. Furthermore, it is examined if the new SUD criteria will impact future research on food addiction, for example, if “diagnosing” food addiction should also be adapted by considering all of the new symptoms. Given the critical response to the revisions in DSM-5, we also discuss if the recent approach of Research Domain Criteria can be helpful in evaluating the concept of food addiction.

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Section: Parallels Between Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Food Addiction in the Light of DSM-5

2014

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“…However, the concept of food addiction is still a controversial and heavily debated topic [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Some of the critical remarks, for example, include that although similarities in brain mechanisms of food and drug reward exist, there are also substantial differences [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five years of the Yale Food Addiction Scale: Taking stock and moving forward

2014

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Some forms of overeating show both behavioral and neurobiological similarities to substance use disorders. Accordingly, a possible addiction to food has been discussed for decades, and the debate has received increased scientific and public attention since the beginning of the twenty-first century. In 2009, the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) was developed in an attempt to provide a standardized self-report instrument for the assessment of food addiction based on the diagnostic criteria for substance dependence. Since then, the YFAS has been used in numerous studies and celebrates its fifth anniversary this year. This article presents an overview of the YFAS and its adaptations, which includes a detailed description of scoring instructions and a supplementary SPSS syntax. Furthermore, psychometric properties and correlates of the YFAS, as well as prevalence rates of food addiction diagnoses and symptoms in different populations, are reviewed. Finally, shortcomings of the scale and future directions for food addiction research and revisions of the YFAS are discussed.

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“…Avena, Rada, & Hoebel, ; Volkow, Wang, Tomasi, & Baler, , ). However, the validity, usefulness, necessity or downsides of the food addiction model are still a highly controversial and heavily debated topic (Avena, Gearhardt, Gold, Wang, & Potenza, ; Benton, ; Meule, ; Meule & Kübler, ; Wilson, ; Ziauddeen, Farooqi, & Fletcher, , ; Ziauddeen & Fletcher, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Addiction in Overweight and Obese Adolescents Seeking Weight‐loss Treatment

Meule

Hermann

Kübler

2015

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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117

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Some forms of overeating closely resemble addictive behaviour. The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) was developed to measure such addiction-like eating in humans and has been employed in numerous studies for examining food addiction in adults. Yet, little is known about food addiction in children and adolescents. Fifty adolescents were recruited at the beginning of treatment in a weight-loss hospital and completed the YFAS among other questionnaires. Nineteen participants (38%) received a YFAS diagnosis, who did not differ in age, body mass and gender distribution from those not receiving a diagnosis. However, those with food addiction reported more binge days, more frequent food cravings, higher eating, weight and shape concerns, more symptoms of depression and higher attentional and motor impulsivity. Eating restraint and nonplanning impulsivity did not differ between groups. Results replicate findings from studies in obese adults such that food addiction is not related to age, gender, body mass or eating restraint, but to higher eating pathology, more symptoms of depression and higher impulsivity. Furthermore, results highlight that particularly attentional impulsivity is related to 'food addiction'. Addiction-like eating appears to be a valid phenotype in a substantial subset of treatment-seeking, obese adolescents.

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Are Certain Foods Addictive?

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Food Addiction in the Light of DSM-5

Food Addiction in the Light of DSM-5

Five years of the Yale Food Addiction Scale: Taking stock and moving forward

Food Addiction in Overweight and Obese Adolescents Seeking Weight‐loss Treatment

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