Are adverse effects incorporated in economic models? An initial review of current practice

Abstract

How to obtain copies of this and other HTA programme reports An electronic version of this publication, in Adobe Acrobat format, is available for downloading free of charge for personal use from the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk). A fully searchable CD-ROM is also available (see below).Printed copies of HTA monographs cost £20 each (post and packing free in the UK) to both public and private sector purchasers from our Despatch Agents.Non-UK purchasers will have to pay a small fee for post and packing. For European countries the cost is £2 per monograph and for the rest of the world £3 per monograph.You can order HTA monographs from our Despatch Agents:-fax (with credit card or official purchase order) -post (with credit card or official purchase order or cheque) -phone during office hours (credit card only).Additionally the HTA website allows you either to pay securely by credit card or to print out your order and then post or fax it. Contact details are as follows: Payment methods Paying by chequeIf you pay by cheque, the cheque must be in pounds sterling, made payable to Direct Mail Works Ltd and drawn on a bank with a UK address. Paying by credit cardThe following cards are accepted by phone, fax, post or via the website ordering pages: Delta, Eurocard, Mastercard, Solo, Switch and Visa. We advise against sending credit card details in a plain email. Paying by official purchase orderYou can post or fax these, but they must be from public bodies (i.e. NHS or universities) within the UK. We cannot at present accept purchase orders from commercial companies or from outside the UK. How do I get a copy of HTA on CD?Please use the form on the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk/htacd.htm). Or contact Direct Mail Works (see contact details above) by email, post, fax or phone. HTA on CD is currently free of charge worldwide.The website also provides information about the HTA programme and lists the membership of the various committees. HTA NIHR Health Technology Assessment programmeT he Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme, part of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), was set up in 1993. It produces high-quality research information on the effectiveness, costs and broader impact of health technologies for those who use, manage and provide care in the NHS. 'Health technologies' are broadly defined as all interventions used to promote health, prevent and treat disease, and improve rehabilitation and long-term care. The research findings from the HTA programme directly influence decision-making bodies such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the National Screening Committee (NSC). HTA findings also help to improve the quality of clinical practice in the NHS indirectly in that they form a key component of the 'National Knowledge Service'. The HTA programme is needs led in that it fills gaps in the evidence needed by the NHS. There are three routes to the start of projects. First is the commissioned route. Suggestions for research are actively sought from people working in t...

Systematic Review of the Impact of Surgical Harm on Quality of Life After General and Gastrointestinal Surgery

“…54 Our review starts defining the societal and economic costs of negative surgical outcome. 54 Our review starts defining the societal and economic costs of negative surgical outcome.…”

The Use of Health State Utility Values in Decision Models

“…Despite the substantial volume of published HSUVs, analysts are frequently faced with the dilemma of having less than ideal evidence. used in the associated decision models (n = 71) had been adjusted in some way [22] . The main reasons for adjustments were reported to be age, adverse events and disease progression.…”

Better guidelines for better care: accounting for multimorbidity in clinical guidelines – structured examination of exemplar guidelines and health economic modelling

“…The inclusion of ADEs is generally considered to be important in economic models but it is not clear how they should be incorporated and tackled within an economic analysis. 207 Moreover, harm is typically less well quantified than benefit because RCTs are primarily designed to quantify benefit in populations selected to be at lower risk of harm (by being younger and having fewer potentially interacting comorbidities and coprescriptions), whereas harms are only sometimes quantified in observational studies. However, it is increasingly being recognised that incorporating ADEs within economic models is important and should be formalised if CEA results are to be valid and useful for decision-making.…”