Are 3D virtual environments better than 2D interfaces in serious games performance? An explorative study for the assessment of executive functions

Giglioli, Irene Alice Chicchi; Ripoll, Carla de Juan; Parra, Elena; Raya, Mariano Alcañiz

doi:10.1080/23279095.2019.1607735

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…36,37 There is a sound research basis supporting the proposition that VRs immersive capabilities make VRSG a better choice than 2D and nonstereoscopic 3D displays. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44] Starting from these premises, we propose VR as a powerful, reliable, ecological tool to study, under laboratory conditions, the cognitive and affective aspects of human behavior related to RT processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spheres & Shield Maze Task: A Virtual Reality Serious Game for the Assessment of Risk Taking in Decision Making

de-Juan-Ripoll

Soler-Domínguez

Giglioli

et al. 2020

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

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Risk taking (RT) is an essential component in decision-making process that depicts the propensity to make risky decisions. RT assessment has traditionally focused on self-report questionnaires. These classical tools have shown clear distance from real-life responses. Behavioral tasks assess human behavior with more fidelity, but still show some limitations related to transferability. A way to overcome these constraints is to take advantage from virtual reality (VR), to recreate real-simulated situations that might arise from performance-based assessments, supporting RT research. This article presents results of a pilot study in which 41 individuals explored a gamified VR environment: the Spheres & Shield Maze Task (SSMT). By eliciting implicit behavioral measures, we found relationships between scores obtained in the SSMT and self-reported risk-related constructs, as engagement in risky behaviors and marijuana consumption. We conclude that decontextualized Virtual Reality Serious Games are appropriate to assess RT, since they could be used as a cross-disciplinary tool to assess individuals' capabilities under the stealth assessment paradigm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spheres & Shield Maze Task: A Virtual Reality Serious Game for the Assessment of Risk Taking in Decision Making

de-Juan-Ripoll

Soler-Domínguez

Giglioli

et al. 2020

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

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“…At the end of the VR task, participants will complete two satisfaction surveys used in previous studies. 26 One of this satisfaction surveys will be quantitative and will explore general satisfaction with the different assessments, usability of the VR tool, perceived usefulness of the project and extent to which users would recommend participating in the project to a family member or friend. The other satisfaction survey will be qualitative and will explore comments of the users, possible complaints and suggestions for improvement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the end of the session, participants will complete a quantitative and a qualitative satisfaction survey, which have been used previously. 26 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual reality and speech analysis for the assessment of impulsivity and decision-making: protocol for a comparison with neuropsychological tasks and self-administered questionnaires

et al. 2022

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IntroductionImpulsivity is present in a range of mental disorders and has been associated with suicide. Traditional measures of impulsivity have certain limitations, such as the lack of ecological validity. Virtual reality (VR) may overcome these issues. This study aims to validate the VR assessment tool ‘Spheres & Shield Maze Task’ and speech analysis by comparing them with traditional measures. We hypothesise that these innovative tools will be reliable and acceptable by patients, potentially improving the simultaneous assessment of impulsivity and decision-making.Methods and analysisThis study will be carried out at the University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz (Madrid, Spain). Our sample will consist of adults divided into three groups: psychiatric outpatients with a history of suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours, psychiatric outpatients without such a history and healthy volunteers. The target sample size was established at 300 participants (100 per group). Participants will complete the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11; the Urgency, Premeditation, Perseverance, Sensation Seeking, Positive Urgency, Impulsive Behaviour Scale; Iowa Gambling Task; Continuous Performance Test; Stop signal Task, and Go/no-go task, three questions of emotional affect, the Spheres & Shield Maze Task and two satisfaction surveys. During these tasks, participant speech will be recorded. Construct validity of the VR environment will be calculated. We will also explore the association between VR-assessed impulsivity and history of suicidal thoughts and/or behaviour, and the association between speech and impulsivity and decision-making.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz (PIC128-21_FJD). Participants will be required to provide written informed consent. The findings will be presented in a series of manuscripts that will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication.Trial registration numberNCT05109845; Pre-results.

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“…Conversely, virtual reality (VR) provides the capacity of simulate real experiences in which subjects can interact as if they were in the real world [52], and there is empirical evidence demonstrating similarities between the neural mechanisms that subjects experience when immersed in a virtual environment and in those real life [53,54]. VR allows to record the behavioral responses of the users while they are interacting with a virtual environment [55], making VR an innovative, effective, active, engaging and adaptive tool that has been applied in numerous fields of human behavior research e.g., [52], providing better results than 2D solutions [56].…”

Section: Virtual Reality For Rt Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Immersive Virtual Reality Game for Predicting Risk Taking through the Use of Implicit Measures

et al. 2021

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Risk taking (RT) measurement constitutes a challenge for researchers and practitioners and has been addressed from different perspectives. Personality traits and temperamental aspects such as sensation seeking and impulsivity influence the individual’s approach to RT, prompting risk-seeking or risk-aversion behaviors. Virtual reality has emerged as a suitable tool for RT measurement, since it enables the exposure of a person to realistic risks, allowing embodied interactions, the application of stealth assessment techniques and physiological real-time measurement. In this article, we present the assessment on decision making in risk environments (AEMIN) tool, as an enhanced version of the spheres and shield maze task, a previous tool developed by the authors. The main aim of this article is to study whether it is possible is to discriminate participants with high versus low scores in the measures of personality, sensation seeking and impulsivity, through their behaviors and physiological responses during playing AEMIN. Applying machine learning methods to the dataset we explored: (a) if through these data it is possible to discriminate between the two populations in each variable; and (b) which parameters better discriminate between the two populations in each variable. The results support the use of AEMIN as an ecological assessment tool to measure RT, since it brings to light behaviors that allow to classify the subjects into high/low risk-related psychological constructs. Regarding physiological measures, galvanic skin response seems to be less salient in prediction models.

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Are 3D virtual environments better than 2D interfaces in serious games performance? An explorative study for the assessment of executive functions

Abstract: Are 3D virtual environments better than 2D interfaces in serious games performance? An explorative study for the assessment of executive functions. Applied Neuropsychology. Adult (Online). 1-10.

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

The Spheres & Shield Maze Task: A Virtual Reality Serious Game for the Assessment of Risk Taking in Decision Making

The Spheres & Shield Maze Task: A Virtual Reality Serious Game for the Assessment of Risk Taking in Decision Making

Virtual reality and speech analysis for the assessment of impulsivity and decision-making: protocol for a comparison with neuropsychological tasks and self-administered questionnaires

An Immersive Virtual Reality Game for Predicting Risk Taking through the Use of Implicit Measures

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