Arctic

Chater, Andrew; Greaves, Wilfrid

doi:10.4337/9781781953174.00017

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Ecological factors thus mediate the emergence and severity of security issues, including those in the military and political sectors. Since many scholars define the Arctic principally in terms of its environment (ACIA 2004, 4; Young and Einarsson 2004: 17, 18), and environmental issues have been and remain central to circumpolar politics, some argue it should be viewed as a regional environmental security complex (Exner-Pirot 2013; Chater and Greaves 2014).…”

Section: Changing Arctic Environmental Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this light, dominant accounts of Arctic security are pathological in nature. Elsewhere, I have argued that dominant conceptions of Arctic security experience three distinct pathologies: (re)militarisation in the absence of a military threat; constrained inclusion of indigenous peoples in regional governance; and hydrocarbon extraction in the context of the Anthropocene (Chater and Greaves 2014). Of these, the third pathology has the gravest implications for local, regional, and global (in)security, because the fact that climate change is enabling access to offshore Arctic hydrocarbons is itself a positive feedback that will only exacerbate climate change.…”

Section: Towards Critical Environmental Security In the Arcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many unconventional security issues are also directly or indirectly related to the extraction of Arctic resources. New security governance practices are being established to respond to threats related to the growing volume of maritime traffic, such as new agreements on regional search and rescue and oil spill emergency response (Chater and Greaves 2014). In this respect, the changing environment causes new threats, such as increased risk of damage to vessels and oil rigs from sea ice and unpredictable weather, and new objects of security, including the Arctic ecosystem itself.…”

Section: Changing Arctic Environmental Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Securing sustainability: the case for critical environmental security in the Arctic

Greaves¹

2016

Polar Record

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The politics, economies, and ecology of the Arctic region are experiencing fundamental transformation driven largely by human-caused environmental change. Drawing on the work of Robert Cox, this article presents a critical account of environmental security that allows security issues in the Arctic to be reconceptualised. It outlines the environmental changes transforming the Arctic, and theorises the Arctic as a regional environmental security complex in which conditions of security for state and non-state referent objects are predicated on a particular ecological context. It then surveys state- and human security issues in the Arctic, and argues that environmental change has destabilised the ecological base on which the contemporary Arctic as a cooperative region supportive of human activity has been built. The article concludes by outlining alternative ways of conceiving of Arctic security that are more compatible with maintaining the region's ecological base, and suggests that dominant approaches to Arctic security are pathological because they remain premised on the control, extraction and consumption of hydrocarbon resources. It argues that, in the context of the geological Anthropocene, security cannot be sustainable if it fails to address the relationship between human wellbeing and human-caused environmental change, or informs practices that further contribute to environmental change.

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Section: Changing Arctic Environmental Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Towards Critical Environmental Security In the Arcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changing Arctic Environmental Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Securing sustainability: the case for critical environmental security in the Arctic

Greaves¹

2016

Polar Record

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Polar Stars: Toward an Epistemological Understanding of Security Constellations and the Arctic Case

Fakhoury

2023

Global Studies Quarterly

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The reemergence of great power competition, seen most significantly in the tension over Taiwan between the People’s Republic of China and the United States and in the Russian invasion of Ukraine, has sparked interest in the Arctic literature on whether and how great power competition might be emerging in the region. State-centric frameworks have emerged as the primary analytical frameworks within this burgeoning literature. While they offer important insights, the dynamics of security in the region make state-based appraisals limited. Because the Arctic region is a frontier, normative structures upon which state-centric paradigms are predicated—such as state sovereignty—hold less sway than in more traditional arenas of great power competition. As a result, a range of subnational and supranational actors and organizations play a more significant role in terms of security processes and outcomes. Thus, a more comprehensive model of security analysis is needed to understand the drivers of security in the Artic region. To that end, in this article, I analyze the main securitizing moves in the Arctic region, arguing that they incorporate different levels of analysis and present broad degrees of comprehensiveness. I turn to security constellation theory, hitherto a relatively underdeveloped approach that nonetheless offers the potential to accommodate the multifaceted security dynamics of the region.

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Arctic

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Securing sustainability: the case for critical environmental security in the Arctic

Securing sustainability: the case for critical environmental security in the Arctic

Polar Stars: Toward an Epistemological Understanding of Security Constellations and the Arctic Case

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