ArCo: The Italian Cultural Heritage Knowledge Graph

Abstract

ArCo is the Italian Cultural Heritage knowledge graph, consisting of a network of seven vocabularies and 169 million triples about 820 thousand cultural entities. It is distributed jointly with a SPARQL endpoint, a software for converting catalogue records to RDF, and a rich suite of documentation material (testing, evaluation, how-to, examples, etc.). ArCo is based on the official General Catalogue of the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities (MiBAC) -and its associated encoding regulations -which collects and validates the catalogue records of (ideally) all Italian Cultural Heritage properties (excluding libraries and archives), contributed by CH administrators from all over Italy. We present its structure, design methods and tools, its growing community, and delineate its importance, quality, and impact.

SQuAP-Ont: An ontology of software quality relational factors from financial systems

“…Nevertheless, the ontology guarantees interoperability by keeping the appropriate alignments with the external ODPs and provides extensions that satisfy more specific requirements. Carriero et al (2019). This extension implements an iterative and incremental approach to ontology design that involves three different actors: (i) a design team, in charge of selecting and implementing suitable ODPs as well as to perform alignments and linking; (ii) a testing team, disjoint from the design team, which takes care of testing the ontology; (iii) a customer team, who elicits the requirements that are translated by the design team and testing team into ontological commitments (i.e., competency questions and other constraints) that guide the ontology development.…”

The Landscape of Ontology Reuse Approaches

“…ArCo (Architecture of Knowledge, https://w3id.org/arco) is a project dedicated to the publication of the open knowledge graph (KG) of the Italian cultural heritage (CH) [7], deriving from the General Catalogue of Italian Cultural Heritage maintained by the Italian Institute of the General Catalogue and Documentation (ICCD). As part of the project, several ontologies for representing data about Italian cultural heritage were developed.…”

Ontological Analysis and Modularization of CIDOC-CRM

“…Because of usability requirements, we rely on Semantic Web (SW) languages, namely, the Web Ontology Language (OWL). Recall that OWL is indeed the leading formalism for the exploitation of ontologies in the Digital Humanities (see, e.g., [20]). In addition, by using OWL, we aim at enhancing the (computational) representation of the ontology.…”

“…For example, physical things are characterized by material types in both [1] (therefore in [3]) and the Erlangen formalization; see (Ax1) for a representation in FOL. 20 Ax1 PhysicalT hing(x) → ∃y(Material(y) ∧ consistsO f (x, y))…”

“…We include them to facilitate the understanding of the formula 19. Recall that the Distributed Modeling Language (DOL)[22] can be used to handle and link alternative formalizations of the same conceptual model 20. Looking at (Ax1), Material stands for material types and not for amounts of matter in sense of, e.g.,[7].E.M.…”