Architectures and Requirements for the Development of Smart Cities: A Literature Study

Kyriazopoulou, Christiana

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27753-0_5

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Currently, Smart Cities represent the most important Smart Environment implementation, as they provide a new generation of real-time and timecritical, location-, social-, and context-aware services to their digital citizens, e.g., for emergency and healthcare, surveillance, entertainment, and social good. Private companies and governments at all levels are continuing the deployment of new capabilities to provide an ever increasing array of smart services to their citizens and residents [4].…”

Section: Disaster Relief Operations In Smart Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging and Fusing Civil and Military Sensors to support Disaster Relief Operations in Smart Environments

Wrona

Tortonesi

Marks

et al. 2019

MILCOM 2019 - 2019 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)

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Natural disasters occur unpredictably and can range in severity from something locally manageable to large scale events that require external intervention. In particular, when large scale disasters occur, they can cause widespread damage and overwhelm the ability of local governments and authorities to respond. In such situations, Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC) is essential for a rapid and robust Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) operation. These type of operations bring to bear the Command and Control (C2) and Logistics capabilities of the military to rapidly deploy assets to help with the disaster relief activities. Smart Cities and Smart Environments, embedded with IoT, introduce multiple sensing modalities that typically provide wide coverage over the deployed area. Given that the military does not own or control these assets, they are sometimes referred to as gray assets, which are not as trustworthy as blue assets, owned by the military. However, leveraging these gray assets can significantly improve the ability for the military to quickly obtain Situational Awareness (SA) about the disaster and optimize the planning of rescue operations and allocation of resources to achieve the best possible effects. Fusing the information from the civilian IoT sensors with the custom military sensors could help validate and improve trust in the information from the gray assets. The focus of this paper is to further examine this challenge of achieving Civil-Military cooperation for HADR operations by leveraging and fusing information from gray and blue assets.Index Terms-Civil-military cooperation, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, security, smart cities.

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Section: Disaster Relief Operations In Smart Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging and Fusing Civil and Military Sensors to support Disaster Relief Operations in Smart Environments

Wrona

Tortonesi

Marks

et al. 2019

MILCOM 2019 - 2019 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3) Data management: Users and applications require managing large volumes of data generated by devices and transmitted through the network infrastructure. A smart city system needs to provide data management services to applications, including data collection, data streaming and processing, and data storage [12], [16], [20]- [25]. 4) Event management: Smart city systems need to control events in progress (i.e.…”

Section: System Functional Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11) Heterogeneity: Smart city systems require managing the variety of devices, services, data formats, applications and communication technologies. This heterogeneity creates numerous challenges for the resulting smart city systems [21], [24], [25].…”

Section: System Non-functional Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…resource discovery, resource management, data management, the definition of city and business models) are less common for all the systems reviewed. However, systems' designers must consider all functional requirements as well as nonfunctional requirements to meet citizens' needs [25].…”

Section: Requirements Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Requirements both technical and user-centric must be satisfied by a smart city system [25]. The results of the literature review indicate that only a few smart city systems consider business components (see Table 2).…”

Section: Requirements Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Requirements Framework for the Design of Smart City Reference Architectures

Bastidas¹,

Helfert²,

Bezbradica³

2018

Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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Reference architectures are generalized models of several end systems that share one or more common domains. They facilitate the design of high-quality concrete architectures and the communication between domain professionals. The reference architecture approach should be applied in the smart city domain because of its complexity where different stakeholders and heterogeneous systems and technologies must coexist and interact. Smart cities reference architectures should offer a cooperative framework for stakeholders and a guide to design concrete architectures. Industry and academia have proposed different requirements for concrete architectures. However, there is a lack of standardization in the requirements for the design of smart city reference architectures. This can produce that concrete architectures do not meet citizens' requirements. The goal of this paper is to define a set of requirements for the design of smart city reference architectures. We conduct a literature review to find the requirements which should fulfil these reference architectures.

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Towards a Service-Oriented Architecture for the Energy Efficiency of Buildings: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Currently, smart buildings generate large amounts of data due to the many devices and equipment available. Hence, buildings implement building management systems (BMSs), which monitor, control, manage and analyze each of these components. However, current BMSs are incapable of managing a massive amount of data (big data) and therefore cannot extract knowledge or make intelligent decisions in quasi real time. In addition, there are serious limitations to integrating BMSs with other services since they generally use proprietary software. In this sense, service-oriented architecture (SOA) is an architectural style that allows one to build distributed systems and provide functionalities such as services to end users or other types of services. Therefore, an SOA has the great advantage of allowing the expansion of the functionalities of BMSs. In fact, there are several studies that address SOAs for building management. However, we have not found any description or systematic analysis in the literature that allows the development of a versatile and interoperable SOA focused on the energy efficiency of buildings and that can integrate massive data analysis features. For these reasons, this study seeks to fill this knowledge gap and, more specifically, to identify and analyze the various software requirements proposed in the literature and the characteristics of big data that allow for improving the energy efficiency of buildings. To this end, we performed an in-depth review of the literature according to the methodology proposed by Kitchenham. As a result of this review, we provide researchers with a specific vision of the requirements and characteristics to consider for software development aimed at the energy efficiency of unique or historic buildings.

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Architectures and Requirements for the Development of Smart Cities: A Literature Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Leveraging and Fusing Civil and Military Sensors to support Disaster Relief Operations in Smart Environments

Leveraging and Fusing Civil and Military Sensors to support Disaster Relief Operations in Smart Environments

A Requirements Framework for the Design of Smart City Reference Architectures

Towards a Service-Oriented Architecture for the Energy Efficiency of Buildings: A Systematic Review

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