Architecture of Wheat Inflorescence: Insights from Rice

Gao, Xin-Qi; Wang, Ning; Wang, Xiuling; Zhang, Xian Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2019.06.002

Cited by 45 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The iP-type CK can be converted to tZ type by trans-hydroxylation by specific cytochrome P450s. A decline in this enzymatic activity decreases the shoot growth without any quantitative reduction in CK levels (Gao et al, 2019). It would be of interest to find how far this mechanism affects the shoot and inflorescence branching in rice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormone-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Involving Multiple Genes and QTL Govern Grain Number in Rice

et al. 2020

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Increasing the grain number is the most direct route toward enhancing the grain yield in cereals. In rice, grain number can be amplified through increasing the shoot branching (tillering), panicle branching, panicle length, and seed set percentage. Phytohormones have been conclusively shown to control the above characteristics by regulating molecular factors and their cross-interactions. The dynamic equilibrium of cytokinin levels in both shoot and inflorescence meristems, maintained by the regulation of its biosynthesis, activation, and degradation, determines the tillering and panicle branching, respectively. Auxins and gibberellins are known broadly to repress the axillary meristems, while jasmonic acid is implicated in the determination of reproductive meristem formation. The balance of auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin determines meristematic activities in the inflorescence. Strigolactones have been shown to repress the shoot branching but seem to regulate panicle branching positively. Ethylene, brassinosteroids, and gibberellins regulate spikelet abortion and grain filling. Further studies on the optimization of endogenous hormonal levels can help in the expansion of the grain yield potential of rice. This review focuses on the molecular machinery, involving several genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL), operational in the plant that governs hormonal control and, in turn, gets governed by the hormones to regulate grain number and yield in rice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormone-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Involving Multiple Genes and QTL Govern Grain Number in Rice

et al. 2020

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“…These results indicated that AD played an important role in the formation of spikelet. On the whole, floret fertility determined the KNS in wheat, and thus more spikelets would produce more fertile florets accompanied with an increase of KNS (Gao et al 2019;Sakuma et al 2019). This was likely the reason why SNS was significantly and positively correlated with KNS (Table 4).…”

Section: Significant Correlations Between Sns and Other Agronomic Traitsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Additionally, KNS is jointly determined by spikelet number per spike (SNS) and kernel number per spikelet. SNS depends on the number of lateral spikelets produced before the spike meristem transitions to the terminal spikelet which is a complex quantitative trait greatly affected by genetic and environmental factors (Gao et al 2019;Kuzay et al 2019). Hence, researching the genetic mechanism of SNS at the QTL level will give us more insight into the role of SNS in yield formation (Wang et al 2018;Ma et al 2019a;Yao et al 2019;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 55K SNP-Based Exploration of QTL for Spikelet Number Per Spike in a Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum turgidumL.) Population: Chinese Landrace ‘Ailanmai’ × Wild Emmer

Zhu

Wei

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Spikelet number per spike (SNS) is a key factor in determining kernel number per spike which has a great effect on wheat grain yield. Modern wheat breeding narrows genetic diversity among cultivars leading to a detrimental effect on future wheat improvement. It is thus of great significance to explore new genetic resources for SNS to increase wheat yield. Here, a tetraploid landrace Ailanmai mult wild emmer wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was used to construct a high-density genetic map using the wheat 55K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Our results showed that the genetic and physical locations of 94.83% (6204) of the mapped markers were consistent. Subsequently, fourteen quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SNS explaining 4.23-27.26% of the phenotypic variation were identified. QSns.sau-AM-2B.3 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2 were considered as major and novel QTL and their combination had the largest effect and increased SNS by 17.47%. In the physical intervals of QSns.sau-AM-2B.3 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2, some development-related genes were predicted to participate in the spikelet growth and affect SNS. Additionally, significant correlations between SNS and other agronomic traits like significant and positive correlation between SNS and thousand kernel weight were detected and analyzed. Our findings demonstrated the feasibility of wheat 55K SNP array in genetic mapping of tetraploid wheat and provided an example of exploring outstanding genetic resources from wheat related species for further utilization in common wheat improvement.

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“…These results indicated that AD played an important role in the formation of spikelet. On the whole, oret fertility determined the KNS in wheat, and thus more spikelets would produce more fertile orets accompanied with an increase of KNS [2,21]. This was likely the reason why SNS was signi cantly and positively correlated with KNS (Table 4).…”

Section: Signi Cantcorrelations Between Sns and Other Agronomic Traitsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Additionally, KNS is jointly determined by spikelet number per spike (SNS) and kernel number per spikelet. SNS depends on the number of lateral spikelets produced before the spike meristem transitions to the terminal spikelet which is a complex quantitative trait greatly affected by genetic and environmental factors [1,2]. Hence, researching the genetic mechanism of SNS at the QTL level will give us more insight into the role of SNS in yield formation [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Wheat 55K SNP-Based Exploration of Loci for Spikelet Number Per Spike From a Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum Turgidum L.) Recombinant Inbred Line Population Derived From a Chinese Landrace ‘ailanmai’ and a Wild Emmer Accession

Zhu

Wei

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Increasing wheat yield is an urgent task to solve the global food shortage. Spikelet number per spike (SNS) is a key factor in determining kernel number per spike which has a great effect on wheat grain yield. However, modern wheat breeding narrows genetic diversity among cultivars leading to a detrimental effect on future wheat improvement. It is thus of great significance to explore new genetic resources for SNS to increase wheat yield.Results: A tetraploid landrace ‘Ailanmai’ × wild emmer wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was used to construct a high-density genetic map using the wheat 55K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. The results showed that 94.83% (6204) of the mapped markers had consistent genetic and physical chromosomal locations. Subsequently, fourteen quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SNS explaining 4.23-27.26% of the phenotypic variation were identified. QSns.sau-AM-2B.3 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2 were considered as major and novel QTL and their combination had the largest effect and increased SNS by 17.47%. In the physical intervals of QSns.sau-AM-2B.3 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2, some development-related genes were predicted to participate in the spikelet growth and affect SNS. Additionally, significant correlations between SNS and other agronomic traits like significant and positive correlation between SNS and thousand kernel weight were detected and analyzed. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the feasibility of wheat 55K SNP array in genetic mapping of tetraploid wheat and provided an example of exploring outstanding genetic resources from wheat related species for further utilization in common wheat improvement.

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Architecture of Wheat Inflorescence: Insights from Rice

Cited by 45 publications

References 63 publications

Phytohormone-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Involving Multiple Genes and QTL Govern Grain Number in Rice

Phytohormone-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Involving Multiple Genes and QTL Govern Grain Number in Rice

The 55K SNP-Based Exploration of QTL for Spikelet Number Per Spike in a Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum turgidumL.) Population: Chinese Landrace ‘Ailanmai’ × Wild Emmer

The Wheat 55K SNP-Based Exploration of Loci for Spikelet Number Per Spike From a Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum Turgidum L.) Recombinant Inbred Line Population Derived From a Chinese Landrace ‘ailanmai’ and a Wild Emmer Accession

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