Architecture of the Magmatic System in the Main Ethiopian Rift

Pre-eruptive storage conditions and magmatic evolution of the Bora-Baricha-Tullu Moye volcanic system, Main Ethiopian Rift

“…A trans-crustal magmatic architecture in the BBTM was previously proposed by Samrock et al (2018) based on magnetotelluric data. Nazzareni's et al (2020) clinopyroxene barometry overview of MER rocks (including BBTM) suggests a continuous range of crystallisation pressures starting from the crust-mantle boundary (i.e., 1000 MPa = 35 km) up to the main storage depths at about 15-20 km (Fig. 14b).…”

“…At this depth, the magmatic reservoirs are most likely to be in the form of vertically stacked sills, controlled by the regional stress field (Maccaferri et al, 2014). At these depths the magma starts to crystallise olivine, clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene, modifying the primitive magma composition (Nazzareni et al, 2020;Nicotra et al, 2021). At this point the magma is ~1130 °C hot and eruptible, and could reach the Earth's surface following major structural pathways defined by the extensional stress regime (e.g., Mazzarani et al, 2016).…”

A machine learning-based thermometer, barometer and hygrometer for magmatic liquids

“…Advances in igneous petrology and volcanology depend critically on our ability to determine the pressures (P), temperatures (T), and water contents of magmas Putirka, 2017). By understanding these parameters, petrologists can gain insights into a wide range of problems, including the construction and evolution of the crust and mantle (Tibaldi et al 2013;Jagoutz, 2014;Plank and Forsyth, 2016;Till, 2017;Ducea et al 2021), and the preeruptive storage and transport properties of magmas, which are essential to characterize the architecture of igneous plumbing systems (Edmonds et al 2019;Maclennan, 2019;Nazzareni et al 2020;Giordano and Caricchi, 2022). P-T-H2O conditions are at the core of establishing meaningful links between petrological processes and geophysical monitoring of active volcanoes (Weber and Castro, 2017;Magee et al 2018;Pritchard et al 2018;Halldórsson et al 2022;Dayton et al 2023) and set fundamental controls on eruption dynamics (Ruprecht and Bachmann, 2010;Andújar and Scaillet, 2012;Cassidy et al 2018;Popa et al 2021).…”

Magmatic Processes at Euganean Hills (Veneto Volcanic Province, Italy): Clinopyroxene Investigation to Unravel Magmatic Interactions

“…Euganean Hills host-enclaves clinopyroxenes plot in the Vcell-VM1 space defined for the volcanic pyroxenes (Figure 8A) in particular distribute around a value of 3 kbars defined by literature data including pyroxene from alkaline lavas [10,15,60] , thus an estimation of a crystallisation pressure range between 2 and 4 kbars is suggested.…”

“…Among the rock forming minerals, clinopyroxene is of primary petrogenetic importance in many geodynamical environments. In fact, pyroxene is a liquidus phase in a wide range of volcanic rocks and, due to its complexity of cations substitution, it can record variation in the physico-chemical condition of crystallisation from the variation of intensive parameters such as P, T, and fO2 within the magmatic system in the period preceding eruption to sub-solidus processes (e.g., [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]). As a further result, we can use clinopyroxene chemical signature and structural parameters as a geobarometer to reconstruct the pressure of crystallisation (i.e., location of the magma chamber and possible residing in a shallow system before the eruption; [15,16]).…”