“…Sexual dimorphism has been described in various insect species on different levels of the olfactory pathway ranging from the periphery to the central nervous system including the antenna (e.g. beetles: Kaissling, 1971;Âgren, 1985;Allsopp, 1990;Renou et al, 1998;Diptera: Clements, 1999;Ruther et al, 2000;Stocker, 2001;Hymenoptera: Steinzer et al, 2013;moths: Schneider, 1992;Rospars and Hildebrand, 2000;Huetteroth and Schachtner, 2005), the specificity, number and/or distribution of olfactory receptors (e.g. moths: Miura et al, 2009;Nakagawa et al, 2005 or Diptera: Bohbot et al, 2007), the morphology and number of glomeruli in the AL (Kondoh et al, 2003;Schachtner et al, 2005;Hu et al, 2011;Kelber et al, 2010;Streinzer et al, 2013), and higher order brain structures (e.g.…”