Architecture Challenges for Intelligent Autonomous Machines

Abstract

Abstract. Machines are displaying a trend of increasing autonomy. This has a far reaching impact on the architectures of the embedded systems within the machine. The impact needs to be clearly understood and the main obstacles to autonomy need to be identi ed. The obstacles, especially from an industrial perspective, are not just technological but also relate to system aspects like certi cation, development processes and product safety. In this paper, we identify and discuss some of the main obstacles to autonomy from the viewpoint of technical specialists working on advanced industrial product development. The identi ed obstacles cover topics like world modeling, user interaction, complexity and system safety.

A System's Perspective Towards an Architecture Framework for Safe Automated Vehicles

“…Systems engineering also puts high demands on traceability to argue a sufficient level of safety, since absolute safety is neither possible nor provable. Behere et al [2] also conclude a workshop with many senior system architects from a broad cross-section of the industry that correctness by construction will play a significant role in development of autonomous systems. Correctness by construction can be translated to safety by design can in terms of safety and can only be provided by multidisciplinary and cross-domain efforts from academic disciplines [2].…”

“…This example shows the necessity of a hierarchical or parallel analysis of the (externally visible) behavior and the (internal) system behavior which are connected through requirements during the development process. Johansson et al [8] also argue that functional safety for autonomy 2 is not covered by the ISO 26262 standard. They conclude that the semantics of safety requirements ('What does the autopilot do?'…”