Architectural and Urban Planning Solutions for the Protection of Heritage Buildings in the Context of Terrorist Attacks: Following the Example of Passive Protection Systems

Grębowski, Karol; Wróbel, Aleksandra

doi:10.3390/buildings12070988

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is a durable combination of at least two glass panes and a special laminating film (interlayer) [4]. After glass failure, the laminating film holds the glass pieces together [5]. As a result, a damaged element can maintain sufficient load-bearing capacity and structural integrity to allow people to be evacuated and avoid injury [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of embedded steel mesh inserts on post-breakage capacity of laminated glass

Kozłowski,

Wasik

2024

MATEC Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glass, as a building material, has been known for a long time. The first glass uses were limited to filling window frames. However, in recent years, the popularity of glass in construction has increased significantly. All this is due to the growing trend to bring as much natural sunlight into the buildings as possible. The increasingly popular treatment of glass as a construction material requires using laminated glass, in which a film permanently joins together two or more glass panes. This unique behaviour is because the film between the glass sheets holds the glass fragments in place when they are fractured. In this way, avoiding the risk of injury to people in the vicinity is possible. As part of the ongoing project, “Innovative solution for point-fixed laminated glass with improved capacity after glass fracture” financed by the National Center for Research and Development (NCBR) within the LIDER XI Program, an idea of laminating a steel woven mesh to glass laminates is being investigated. The steel mesh insert is designed to increase the load-bearing capacity of the sample in the post-breakage phase, thus increasing the safety of building occupants. The article deals with the post-breakage capacity of laminated glass elements subjected to three types of loading: in-plane, out-of-plane and combined actions.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of embedded steel mesh inserts on post-breakage capacity of laminated glass

Kozłowski,

Wasik

2024

MATEC Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of VSG glass is dictated by its behaviour after glass failure, which is radically different from monolithic glass. This unique behaviour occurs because the film between the glass sheets holds the glass fragments in place when fractured [5] avoiding the risk of injury to people in the vicinity. A safe "failure response" is achieved when the structure in a failure state can maintain sufficient structural integrity and load-bearing capacity to evacuate people and safely replace damaged components [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Tests of Laminated Glass with Embedded Steel Mesh Subjected to In-Plane Loading

Kozłowski,

Wasik

2023

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents the issue of the in-plane post-breakage capacity of laminated glass elements. It presents the results of an ongoing research project that aims to develop novel reinforced, laminated glass elements with embedded steel woven mesh and increased post-breakage capacity. The research was focused on tensile strength tests in a custom-made experimental set-up. The tests were carried out on laminated glass samples consisting of two glass panes with 8, 10 and 12 mm thicknesses, bonded with an EVA Clear interlayer (3.04 mm thick). A total of 36 reference and reinforced samples were tested (6 series of 6 samples each). During the tests, an increase in load after glass breakage was observed for all samples, however, the samples reinforced with steel mesh showed much better strength in the post-breakage phase. It was found that the steel woven mesh embedded in laminated glass increases the post-breakage capacity by approximately 300% compared to the reference samples.

show abstract

“…Due to the increasing number of vehicles and their improper operation by humans, accidental vehicle crashes have occurred frequently in recent years [1,2], which has led to a serious threat to critical infrastructure and architectural structures, especially reinforced concrete (RC) structures [3,4]. RC structures experience severe spalling damage and reduced structural integrity under impact loading due to the brittle properties of the concrete, which in turn increases the risk of structural collapse [5,6]; therefore, structural protection of important reinforced concrete structures against impact load has attracted increasing attention in recent decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Performance of RC Beams Reinforced by Engineered Cementitious Composite

2023

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To mitigate potential damage to RC structures subjected to impact load—especially spalling damage—engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is applied, with the aim of reinforcing the RC members, so as to improve their impact performance. In the present study, the response of beams, with and without ECC reinforcement, to impact loading was investigated. Firstly, the mechanical properties of the ECC were characterized by quasi-static compression and tension tests, as well as by dynamic direct tension tests. Then, the K&C model (Karagozian and Case Concrete Model) was employed to delineate the ECC behavior, whose parameters were calibrated using the test data. Subsequently, models of RC beams with and without ECC reinforcement, validated using the drop weight test, were established to investigate the impact response. The numerical results suggested that the performance of the impact resistance of the ECC-reinforced RC beams was significantly improved. The damage degree of the ECC-reinforced members was effectively reduced, the degree of deformation was effectively controlled, and the energy consumption capacity was significantly increased while the impact load and transferred load increased. In particular, the method of multiple separate layers as reinforcement, proposed in this study, was found to reduce effectively the response and damage extent, improve the energy dissipation, and control the impact load and transferred load within certain levels. In addition, the multiple separate ECC layers effectively prevented the crack propagation caused by the cracking of the member, ensured the residual integrity of the member, and further improved the performance of the impact resistance of the member comprehensively.

show abstract

Architectural and Urban Planning Solutions for the Protection of Heritage Buildings in the Context of Terrorist Attacks: Following the Example of Passive Protection Systems

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Influence of embedded steel mesh inserts on post-breakage capacity of laminated glass

Influence of embedded steel mesh inserts on post-breakage capacity of laminated glass

Experimental Tests of Laminated Glass with Embedded Steel Mesh Subjected to In-Plane Loading

Impact Performance of RC Beams Reinforced by Engineered Cementitious Composite

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About