Archeology and the evolution of human behavior

Klein, Richard G.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6505(2000)9:1<17::aid-evan3>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 445 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…If we take the Upper Palaeolithic in Europe as an example, we will find that all the features presented above are reflected on the vestiges. Thus, form imposition is very clear (see Klein 1999Klein , 2000, for the argument that form imposition is far greater in the Upper Palaeolithic than before), as we would expect from prototype reduction; also, we find images and sculpture (Clottes 2001, White 2003, Conard & Bolus 2003, which is congruent with the idea that the mind imposes its images to matter. Anaphorics are very clear, in two senses: most manufactured items are made from more than one part thus forming a new whole (blades and shafts, multipart tools and complex dwelling structures); Reynolds (1993) called these structures polyliths.…”

Section: Language Relations Mental Images and Connotationsupporting

confidence: 78%

On the Acheulean origin of mind and language

Sá-Saraiva

2012

THS

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Section: Language Relations Mental Images and Connotationsupporting

confidence: 78%

On the Acheulean origin of mind and language

Sá-Saraiva

2012

THS

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“…However, it is clear that the practice of bead manufacture was geographically widespread and occurred in regions Ͼ5,000 km apart. The discoveries also challenge the notion that the transition to complex behaviors associated with recent humans was focused solely around the MSA-Late Stone Age (LSA) transition in Africa (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Despite growing evidence that humans of anatomically modern form originated in Africa Ͼ150,000 years ago (3)(4)(5), there still is considerable controversy over precisely when and how humans attained physical and cultural modernity (6) and how such concepts can be diagnosed (3,(7)(8)(9). Regardless of whether behavioral changes were abrupt or accumulated gradually (5, 6), a common proxy for this process is the occurrence of personal ornaments, considered by many authors as tangible signs of symbolic material cultures (1)(2)(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

82,000-year-old shell beads from North Africa and implications for the origins of modern human behavior

Bouzouggar

Barton

Vanhaeren

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

461

205

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The first appearance of explicitly symbolic objects in the archaeological record marks a fundamental stage in the emergence of modern social behavior in Homo. Ornaments such as shell beads represent some of the earliest objects of this kind. We report on examples of perforated Nassarius gibbosulus shell beads from Grotte des Pigeons (Taforalt, Morocco), North Africa. These marine shells come from archaeological levels dated by luminescence and uranium-series techniques to Ϸ82,000 years ago. They confirm evidence of similar ornaments from other less well dated sites in North Africa and adjacent areas of southwest Asia. The shells are of the same genus as shell beads from slightly younger levels at Blombos Cave in South Africa. Wear patterns on the shells imply that some of them were suspended, and, as at Blombos, they were covered in red ochre. These findings imply an early distribution of bead-making in Africa and southwest Asia at least 40 millennia before the appearance of similar cultural manifestations in Europe.anatomically modern humans ͉ Nassarius shells ͉ modern behavior ͉ Middle Palaeolithic ͉ optically stimulated luminescence

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“…(b) 5000 -10 000 years ago cattle-breeding and dairy milk post-weaning diet started, 19,20 resulting in a stringent selective pressure.…”

Section: Nature Of the Cftr þ /Cftr Cf Heterozygote Advantagementioning

confidence: 99%