Archeological bone injuries by lithic backed projectiles: new evidence on bear hunting from the Late Epigravettian site of Cornafessa rock shelter (Italy)

Duches, Rossella; Nannini, Nicola; Fontana, Alex; Boschin, Francesco; Crezzini, Jacopo; Bernardini, Federico; Tuniz, Claudio; Dalmeri, Giampaolo

doi:10.1007/s12520-018-0674-y

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Since fieldwork at the site is ongoing, the study of the archaeological assemblage is still in progress (preliminary reports were published by Duches et al, 2019 and in master theses by Nannini, 2018Nannini, -2019Patauner, 2019Patauner, -2020Zammarchi 2019Zammarchi -2020. The faunal assemblage comprises 4255 remains, of which 3698 are from Epigravettian layers (Table 1).…”

Section: Cornafessa Rock Shelter: Archaeological Background and Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As far as the settlement system is concerned, the peopling of ALGM‐glaciated land by the Epigravettian bands was a gradual process, with an early phase restricted to valley bottoms and plateaux around 500 m elevation and a later stage of upland occupation reaching altitudes of c . 1500 m asl, with development of a logistical occupation network based on seasonal mobility patterns (Angelucci, 1998; Duches et al, 2019; Fontana et al, 2018). In the YD, significant changes in the density and characteristics of sites are observed, compared with the preceding lateglacial interstadial (Angelucci & Bassetti, 2009; Duches et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Epigravettian technocomplexes originated from the Gravettian during the ALGM (Bietti, 1985;Broglio, 1997;Palma di Cesnola, 2001) and lasted until the Pleistocene-Holocene termination, showing changes in lithic technology, as well as in the mobility strategies and settlement pattern of their producers (Bertola et al, 2007;Duches et al, 2018;Mussi & Peresani, 2011;Naudinot et al, 2017;Peresani et al, 2021;Tomasso et al, 2018Tomasso et al, , 2020. As far as the settlement system is concerned, the peopling of ALGMglaciated land by the Epigravettian bands was a gradual process, with an early phase restricted to valley bottoms and plateaux around 500 m elevation and a later stage of upland occupation reaching altitudes of c. 1500 m asl, with development of a logistical occupation network based on seasonal mobility patterns (Angelucci, 1998;Duches et al, 2019;Fontana et al, 2018). In the YD, significant changes in the density and characteristics of sites are observed, compared with the preceding lateglacial interstadial (Angelucci & Bassetti, 2009;Duches et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Geoarchaeological characterisation of a Younger Dryas site in the Alpine uplands: Cornafessa rock shelter (Italy)

2022

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The effects of the Younger Dryas (YD) fluctuation on Late Pleistocene huntergatherers' settlement and subsistence systems in the southern Alps are poorly known. This is primarily due to the scarcity of archaeological sites dating from the YD, in contrast with the extensive evidence available from the lateglacial interstadial and the early Holocene. Here, we present the initial stratigraphic, chronologic and geoarchaeological data collected from Cornafessa rock shelter, a new site located in the Lessini massif of the Italian Alps, at an elevation of 1240 m. The site was occupied during both the YD and the early Holocene. The YD archaeological deposit is clearly recognisable within the fairly uniform lateglacial and Holocene clastic succession. Geoarchaeological data indicate that the YD deposit corresponds to an occupation surface, which was formed during short visits to the site by late Epigravettian hunter-gatherer groups, who settled in the sheltered area and performed distinct activities.

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Section: Cornafessa Rock Shelter: Archaeological Background and Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Geoarchaeological characterisation of a Younger Dryas site in the Alpine uplands: Cornafessa rock shelter (Italy)

2022

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“…The Al-Khutm vessels were analysed by X-ray microCT at the Multidisciplinary Laboratory of the "Abdus Salam" International Centre for Theoretical Physics (Trieste, Italy), using a system (Tuniz et al 2013) specifically designed for the study of archaeological and paleoanthropological materials (e.g. Bernardini et al 2012Bernardini et al , 2016Bernardini et al , 2018Bernardini et al , 2019aBernardini et al , 2019bTuniz et al 2012;Duches et al 2019).…”

Section: Microfocus X-ray Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-analytical study of Bronze Age pottery from the UNESCO site of Al-Khutm (Bat, Oman)

Bernardini

Vinci

Pleurdeau

et al. 2020

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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The extensive investigation carried out in recent years at the UNESCO site of Al-Khutm (Ibri, Oman) has allowed to uncover the monumental remains of a tower dated back to the third millennium BC and to collect an abundant ceramic assemblage from the associated soil deposits. Eighteen selected pottery samples have been investigated using a multi-analytical approach including microfocus X-ray computed tomography, X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and prompt gamma activation analysis to analyse the vessel-forming technique and to characterise their micro-structure, mineralogical and chemical composition to recognise possible local vs. non-local raw materials. The results provided new insights on ancient manufacturing processes and revealed that most of the vessels were locally produced exploiting raw materials from the surroundings of the site with the exception of a fragment of a black slipped jar. The chemical results suggest that the latter was imported from the Indus area in nowadays Pakistan. This evidence integrates our knowledge about the presence of this type of vessels in Oman and confirms the involvement of inland centres like Bat and Al-Khutm into a large-scale exchange system.

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“…The vessels were imaged by X-ray microCT at the Multidisciplinary Laboratory of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (Trieste, Italy), using a system (Tuniz et al 2013) specifically designed for the study of archaeological and palaeoanthropological materials (e.g. Bernardini et al 2012Bernardini et al , 2016Tuniz et al 2012Tuniz et al , 2013Bernardini et al 2017;Duches et al 2018).…”

Section: Microfocus X-ray Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray computed microtomography of Late Copper Age decorated bowls with cross-shaped foots from central Slovenia and the Trieste Karst (North-Eastern Italy): technology and paste characterisation

Bernardini

Leghissa

Pleurdeau

et al. 2019

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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About 20 Late Copper Age bowls with cross-shaped foots from Deschmann's pile dwellings (Ljubljansko barje, central Slovenia) and Trieste Karst (North-Eastern Italy) have been investigated using X-ray computed microtomography (microCT) in order to study the vessel-forming technique, to characterise their pastes and to test the hypothesis that some Karst bowls could have been imported from nowadays central Slovenia or even more distant regions. In three selected virtual slices per sample, clay, lithic inclusions and pores have been segmented and quantified. In addition, the area, maximum length and width of each lithic inclusion have been calculated. Then, the microCT-derived results have been statistically analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). The orientation of pores and disjunctions in microCT volumes show that the basins of the bowls were built using mainly the coiling technique, while the base was shaped starting from a central piece, to which a layer of clay was added and then reshaped in order to produce the foots. The Slovenian bowls include both medium/coarse-grained and very fine-or finegrained vessels mainly tempered with carbonate inclusions. The pastes of the Karst bowls are considerably heterogeneous. One bowl was most likely imported to the Karst but not from central Slovenia as it shows peculiar components, shape and decoration. The other two imported vessels show a very fine-grained paste comparable to the one of several samples from Deschmann's pile dwellings. Such technological similarity is confirmed by PCA of microCT data and petrographic observations. Our study confirms the existence of strong cultural connections between central Slovenia and the northernmost Adriatic coast during the Late Copper Age.Keywords Late Copper Age decorated bowls . Central Slovenia . Trieste Karst (North-Eastern Italy) . X-ray computed microtomography . PCA of microCT-derived data . Technology . Paste characterisation * Federico Bernardini

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Archeological bone injuries by lithic backed projectiles: new evidence on bear hunting from the Late Epigravettian site of Cornafessa rock shelter (Italy)

Cited by 21 publications

References 102 publications

Geoarchaeological characterisation of a Younger Dryas site in the Alpine uplands: Cornafessa rock shelter (Italy)

Geoarchaeological characterisation of a Younger Dryas site in the Alpine uplands: Cornafessa rock shelter (Italy)

A multi-analytical study of Bronze Age pottery from the UNESCO site of Al-Khutm (Bat, Oman)

X-ray computed microtomography of Late Copper Age decorated bowls with cross-shaped foots from central Slovenia and the Trieste Karst (North-Eastern Italy): technology and paste characterisation

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