Archaeology as a social science

Smith, Michael E.; Feinman, Gary M.; Drennan, Robert D.; Earle, Timothy; Morris, Ian

doi:10.1073/pnas.1201714109

Cited by 65 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Blanton and Fargher (2008) and Carballo et al (2014b) have drawn attention to the explanatory potential of collective action theory for Teotihuacan. Much exciting recent work at Teotihuacan engages the intersection of the natural and social sciences (e.g., Smith et al 2012), while interests in ideology, ritual authority, cognitive archaeology, and materiality track across the boundary of the social sciences and more humanistic and interpretive approaches (Pasztory 2005). Social forces also shape Teotihuacan archaeology and scholarship (Kelly 2011;Webmoor 2005).…”

Section: Concluding Thoughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teotihuacan

Nichols

2015

J Archaeol Res

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Teotihuacan in the northeastern Basin of Mexico was an unusually large and influential early city and state. This article reviews recent research trends in Teotihuacan from its founding and explosive growth ca. 100 BC into the largest city in Mesoamerica. Biogenetics provide details of how immigration fueled the city's growth and shaped its multiethnic composition and link Teotihuacan to other parts of the central highlands and more distant regions. Urban theory highlights the importance of neighborhoods and how their composition changed. Collective aspects of irrigation, markets, warfare and the military, and ideology encouraged the development of Teotihuacan's corporate governance. Although Teotihuacan politically dominated central Mexico, its control over the regional economy was not as centralized. Beyond its hinterland, Teotihuacan's foreign relations were a mosaic of trade diasporas, diplomatic exchanges, pilgrimages, emulation, and strategic direct interventions of limited duration. As its foreign influence retracted, Teotihuacan faced challenges from its hinterlands and intermediate elites and factions that culminated in the burning and desecration of the urban center. The Epiclassic saw the change from Teotihuacan's regional state to city-states and confederations. Although much reduced in size, Postclassic Teotihuacan retained an enormous legacy that subsequent states sought for their historical validation.

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Section: Concluding Thoughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teotihuacan

Nichols

2015

J Archaeol Res

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“…A key innovation of the second phase NKI-RS is the implementation of fast repetition time (0.645 and 1.4 s TR) and high-resolution (3 and 2 mm isotropic voxels) multiband R-fMRI (10 min per scan), and DTI (137-direction, 2 mm isotropic) measures provided by the Center for Magnetic Resonance Research at the University of Minnesota for the Human Connectomes Project (Feinberg et al, 2010; Smith et al, 2012; see 4 ). Additionally, NKI-RS included a brief visual-checkerboard stimulation scan (duration = 2 min) for each of the multiband sequences to allow for assessment of the contrast to noise ratio.…”

Section: The Enhanced Nki-rs: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the age range for the design spans human development from childhood to late adulthood (6–85 years old). Second, the project is applying state-of-the-art resting-state structural and functional MRI (R-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques (Feinberg et al, 2010; Moeller et al, 2010; Feinberg and Yacoub, 2012; Smith et al, 2012), which minimize the obsolescence of these data along with participant burden. Third, imaging and genetic data are accompanied by a comprehensive phenotypic characterization (e.g., psychiatric, neurocognitive, psychological, and behavioral), to facilitate identification of developmental patterns (Evans and Brain Development Cooperative Group, 2006; Shaw et al, 2006a,b; Giedd and Rapoport, 2010; Giedd et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The NKI-Rockland Sample: A Model for Accelerating the Pace of Discovery Science in Psychiatry

Nooner¹,

Colcombe²,

Tobe³

et al. 2012

Front. Neurosci.

707

628

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The National Institute of Mental Health strategic plan for advancing psychiatric neuroscience calls for an acceleration of discovery and the delineation of developmental trajectories for risk and resilience across the lifespan. To attain these objectives, sufficiently powered datasets with broad and deep phenotypic characterization, state-of-the-art neuroimaging, and genetic samples must be generated and made openly available to the scientific community. The enhanced Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample (NKI-RS) is a response to this need. NKI-RS is an ongoing, institutionally centered endeavor aimed at creating a large-scale (N > 1000), deeply phenotyped, community-ascertained, lifespan sample (ages 6–85 years old) with advanced neuroimaging and genetics. These data will be publically shared, openly, and prospectively (i.e., on a weekly basis). Herein, we describe the conceptual basis of the NKI-RS, including study design, sampling considerations, and steps to synchronize phenotypic and neuroimaging assessment. Additionally, we describe our process for sharing the data with the scientific community while protecting participant confidentiality, maintaining an adequate database, and certifying data integrity. The pilot phase of the NKI-RS, including challenges in recruiting, characterizing, imaging, and sharing data, is discussed while also explaining how this experience informed the final design of the enhanced NKI-RS. It is our hope that familiarity with the conceptual underpinnings of the enhanced NKI-RS will facilitate harmonization with future data collection efforts aimed at advancing psychiatric neuroscience and nosology.

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“…La alternativa metodológica que defendemos como base para la aplicación de un programa sistemático de análisis tipo Household Archaeology en la península Ibérica, parte de una concepción de la Arqueología clásica y protohistórica como una ciencia social de comparación histórica (Smith et al 2012). Teniendo esto en cuenta, creemos que el análisis arqueológico de los espacios domésticos de las sociedades antiguas, tal como la hemos delineado, se enfrenta a dos retos fundamentales para el futuro.…”

Section: Reflexiones Finales: Posibilidades Y Direcciones Futurasunclassified

Household Archaeology y el análisis de las sociedades antiguas en la península Ibérica: definiciones, aplicaciones y posibilidades. Household Archaeology and the analysis of ancient societies in the Iberian Peninsula: definitions, applications

Tirado

2015

MATS

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Household Archaeology y el análisis de las sociedades antiguas en la península Ibérica: definiciones, aplicaciones y posibilidades. J. Bermejo 48HouseHold ArcHAeology y el análisis de las sociedades antiguas en la península ibérica: definiciones, aplicaciones y posibilidades.resumen: Este artículo aborda la revisión del modo en que se ha desarrollado el análisis arqueológico de los espacios domésticos en la Antigüedad peninsular. Frente a la tradicional orientación formalista, nuestro trabajo defiende la aplicación de un enfoque explícitamente científico-social o antropológico, designado bajo la denominación de Household Archaeology. Se discuten una serie de definiciones que sirven para delimitar la orientación historiográfica de ambas tradiciones. Después, se explican brevemente una serie de aplicaciones recientes del enfoque "antropológico" en una serie de casos de estudio de la península Ibérica. Sobre la base de estos resultados se introduce una breve reflexión acerca de las posibilidades analíticas generadas por la aplicación de metodologías tipo Household Archaeology. Se concluye introduciendo una reflexión sobre la necesidad de una Arqueología de las sociedades protohistóricas y antiguas integradas en un proyecto científico social de comparación histórica. PAlAbrAs clAve:Household Archaeology, Arqueología clásica, Protohistoria, Economías domésticas, Complejidad social, península Ibérica.abstract: This paper reviews how archaeological analysis of domestic spaces has been developed in the framework of Iberian Antiquity studies. Facing traditional or classical "formalist" trends, this article defends the application of an explicitly anthropological approach. A number of definitions used to delimit the orientation of both historiographical traditions are discussed. Then, a series of recent applications of the anthropological approach in Iberian Peninsula are briefly explained. Based on these results, a discussion on the analytical possibilities generated by the application of such methodologies is inserted. We conclude by introducing a reflection on the need for a Late Iron Age and Roman Archaeology integrated into a social science project of historical comparison.

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Archaeology as a social science

Cited by 65 publications

References 29 publications

Teotihuacan

Teotihuacan

The NKI-Rockland Sample: A Model for Accelerating the Pace of Discovery Science in Psychiatry

Household Archaeology y el análisis de las sociedades antiguas en la península Ibérica: definiciones, aplicaciones y posibilidades. Household Archaeology and the analysis of ancient societies in the Iberian Peninsula: definitions, applications

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