Archaebiotics: Archaea as Pharmabiotics for Treating Chronic Disease in Humans?

Hania, Wajdi Ben; Ballet, Nathalie; Vandeckerkove, Pascal; BernardOllivier,; O’Toole, Paul W.; Brugère, Jean-François

doi:10.5772/intechopen.69945

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Genera "Ca. Methanomethylophilus" and Methanomassiliicoccus cooccur with TMAproducing bacteria (27), further supporting their potential use as a way of targeting intestinal TMA (52). The exact nature of the ecological relationships each of these taxa establishes with other members of the microbiome remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Insights into Adaptations of Trimethylamine-Utilizing Methanogens to Diverse Habitats, Including the Human Gut

et al. 2021

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Archaea of the order Methanomassiliicoccales use methylated amines such as trimethylamine as the substrates for methanogenesis. They form two large phylogenetic clades and reside in diverse environments, from soil to the human gut. Two genera, one from each clade, inhabit the human gut: Methanomassiliicoccus, which has one cultured representative, and “Candidatus Methanomethylophilus,” which has none. Questions remain regarding their distribution across biomes and human populations, their association with other taxa in the gut, and whether host genetics correlate with their abundance. To gain insight into the Methanomassiliicoccales clade, particularly its human-associated members, we performed a genomic comparison of 72 Methanomassiliicoccales genomes and assessed their presence in metagenomes derived from the human gut (n = 4,472, representing 22 populations), nonhuman animal gut (n = 145), and nonhost environments (n = 160). Our analyses showed that all taxa are generalists; they were detected in animal gut and environmental samples. We confirmed two large clades, one enriched in the gut and the other enriched in the environment, with notable exceptions. Genomic adaptations to the gut include genome reduction and genes involved in the shikimate pathway and bile resistance. Genomic adaptations differed by clade, not habitat preference, indicating convergent evolution between the clades. In the human gut, the relative abundance of Methanomassiliicoccales spp. correlated with trimethylamine-producing bacteria and was unrelated to host genotype. Our results shed light on the microbial ecology of this group and may help guide Methanomassiliicoccales-based strategies for trimethylamine mitigation in cardiovascular disease. IMPORTANCE Methanomassiliicoccales are less-known members of the human gut archaeome. Members of this order use methylated amines, including trimethylamine, in methane production. This group has only one cultured representative; how its members adapted to inhabit the mammalian gut and how they interact with other microbes is largely unknown. Using bioinformatics methods applied to DNA from a wide range of samples, we profiled the abundances of these Archaea spp. in environmental and host-associated microbial communities. We observed two groups of Methanomassiliicoccales, one largely host associated and one largely found in environmental samples, with some exceptions. When host associated, these Archaea have smaller genomes and possess genes related to bile resistance and aromatic amino acid precursors. We did not detect Methanomassiliicoccales in all human populations tested, but when present, they were correlated with bacteria known to produce trimethylamine. Due to their metabolism of trimethylamine, these intriguing Archaea may form the basis of novel therapies for cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Insights into Adaptations of Trimethylamine-Utilizing Methanogens to Diverse Habitats, Including the Human Gut

et al. 2021

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“…Genera "ca. Methanomethylophilus" and Methanomassiliicoccus cooccur with TMA-producing bacteria (54), further supporting their potential use as a way of targeting intestinal TMA (70). The exact nature of the ecological relationships each of these taxa establishes with other members of the microbiome remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AB0971 Combination of hyaluronate and sodium succinate in treatment of knee osteoarthritis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAt present hyaluronic acid (HA) is rather widely used in treatment of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). HA normalises the properties of the synovial fluid; has a protective effects; promotes the cartilage nutrition and so improves the signs of OA and function of the joints. To the contrary the effects of sodium succinate (the salt of the succinic acid) are not investigated but can be promising in OA treatment due to its known anti hypoxic and energetic properties.ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical efficacy of combination of hyaluronate and sodium succinate in OA treatment in early stages.MethodsThe study included 126 patients with knee OA (stages I-II, Kelgren and Lawrence), mean age (54.3±2.7) years, among them – 75 women(60%) and 51 men(40%). All enrolled patients had OA exacerbation (without clinically evident synivitis) and received standard OA treatment (NSAIDs, exercises, orthopaedic devices) for 15 days; Gr.1 patients (58) also got 5 intra-articular injections of 1.1% hyaluronic acid, stabilised with sodium succinate (2 ml, once a week); patients of Gr.2 (68) in addition to standard treatment received 5 intra-articular injections of 1,1% solution of non-stabilised HA (2 ml, once a week). Clinical observation and evaluation of the results were performed at the beginning of the treatment, at 6th, 12th and 24th week after the study beginningResultsDuring the treatment period, patients in both groups showed the positive changes in clinical signs and symptoms of OA. The VAS score in both groups indicated a significant pain reduction, but the stability and duration of the clinical effect in the groups was different. In patients of Gr.1, the pain syndrome continued to decrease after 12 weeks till 24th week, whereas in Gr.2 after the treatment course there was no significant changes in further pain regression after 6th week point. The general WOMAC index was decreased from (78.3±4.1) in Gr. 1 and (75.4±3.8) in Gr. 2 at the beginning of the study to (27.9±2.6) and (29.8±1.9) accordingly at week 12, p<0,05. The changes in Lisholm score were also significantly better in Gr.1 than in Gr. 2 (before treatment (21.7±4.6) and (22.6±5.3), at week 6 – (86.4±5.7) and (71.3±4.8), at week 12 – (87.6±6.2) and (63.8±5.3), respectively, p<0,05.ConclusionsCombination of the hyaluronic acide and sodium succinate in early stages of knee OA (as intra-articular injections) allows to increase the treatment efficacy. Add of sodium succinate to hyaluronic acide achieve better pain control and longer remission.Disclosure of InterestNone declared

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“…Studies suggest that intestinal archaea may contribute to obesity and reduce TMAO-related diseases like heart failure ( Zhang et al, 2009 ; Wang and Zhao, 2018 ). Therefore, researchers have proposed “archaeabiotics” as the next generation of probiotics ( Hania et al, 2017 ) to contribute to human health. Rumen archaea may have positive effects on livestock, with certain groups being significantly enriched in high-feed-utilization beef cattle, sheep rumen, and high-producing dairy cows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of gut archaea in the pig gut microbiome: a mini-review

Yang,

Chen,

Peng

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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The gastrointestinal microbiota of swine harbors an essential but often overlooked component: the gut archaea. These enigmatic microorganisms play pivotal roles in swine growth, health, and yield quality. Recent insights indicate that the diversity of gut archaea is influenced by various factors including breed, age, and diet. Such factors orchestrate the metabolic interactions within the porcine gastrointestinal environment. Through symbiotic relationships with bacteria, these archaea modulate the host’s energy metabolism and digestive processes. Contemporary research elucidates a strong association between the abundance of these archaea and economically significant traits in swine. This review elucidates the multifaceted roles of gut archaea in swine and underscores the imperative for strategic interventions to modulate their population and functionality. By exploring the probiotic potential of gut archaea, we envisage novel avenues to enhance swine growth, health, and product excellence. By spotlighting this crucial, yet under-investigated, facet of the swine gut microbiome, we aim to galvanize further scientific exploration into harnessing their myriad benefits.

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Archaebiotics: Archaea as Pharmabiotics for Treating Chronic Disease in Humans?

Cited by 7 publications

References 96 publications

Genomic Insights into Adaptations of Trimethylamine-Utilizing Methanogens to Diverse Habitats, Including the Human Gut

Genomic Insights into Adaptations of Trimethylamine-Utilizing Methanogens to Diverse Habitats, Including the Human Gut

AB0971 Combination of hyaluronate and sodium succinate in treatment of knee osteoarthritis

The role of gut archaea in the pig gut microbiome: a mini-review

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