Archaea from the gut microbiota of humans: Could be linked to chronic diseases?

Mafra, Denise; Ribeiro, Márcia; Fonseca, Larissa; Regis, Bruna; Cardozo, Ludmila F M F; Santos, Henrique F.; Jesus, Hugo Emiliano de; Schultz, Júnia; Shiels, Paul G.; Stenvinkel, Peter; Rosado, Alexandre Soares

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102629

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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Section: Tma and Tmao Synthesis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[75] Although studies have identified specific TMA bacteria producers and the methanogenic archaea, clinical human studies that prove the interactions between gut microbiota and TMAO levels are lacking. [76] Buffa et al ( 2022) demonstrated that there is a cluster of microbial genes that are involved in the transformation of carnitine into TMAO through the metabolic pathway carnitine → 𝛾BB → TMA → TMAO, where carnitine is converted into 𝛾BB, which is then converted into TMA, generating TMAO. A cohort study of 2918 subjects reported that plasma levels of 𝛾BB were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, [7] 113 patients were randomized to an intervention study, showing that the abundance of faecal gbuA was correlated with TMAO plasma levels and a high red meat intake, contributing to increased cardiovascular risk.…”

Section: Tma and Tmao Synthesis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumption of Fish in Chronic Kidney Disease – A Matter of Depth

Mafra

Kemp

Leal

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Fish is an excellent source of 𝝎-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), amino acids, collagen, vitamins, and iodine and its intake is associated with health benefits, mainly reduces risk of cardiovascular mortality. However, recent studies have shown that fish is also an important source of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a uremic toxin produced by the gut microbiota that promotes an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), TMAO levels are markedly increased due to gut dysbiosis and reduced kidney function. No study has yet evaluated the effects of a fish-rich diet on TMAO plasma levels and cardiovascular outcomes. This review discusses the pros and cons of a fish-rich diet in patients with CKD -a matter of depth.

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Section: Tma and Tmao Synthesis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tma and Tmao Synthesis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Fish in Chronic Kidney Disease – A Matter of Depth

Mafra

Kemp

Leal

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…The number of methanogens in periodontal pockets correlates to the severity of periodontitis, and methanogens are associated with intestinal inflammation and cancer. 40,118 M. stadtmanae is one of the most abundant archaea in the gut microbiota. 121 M. stadtmanae can activate inflammatory gene expression in innate immune cells, which requires phagocytosis and endosomal acidification of the activated cells.…”

Section: Tlr8 and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Archaea are prokaryotic microorganisms, and some species of the archaeal domain are components of the gut microbiota. 117,118 Archaea can be pathogenic. 119,120 Methane-forming archaea, methanogens, account for the predominant group of archaea in human.…”

Section: Tlr8 and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Biological Perspective of TLR8 Signaling in Host Defense and Inflammation

Bian

Dong

Wu³

et al. 2023

Infect Microb Dis

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play important roles in immune responses against pathogens and tumors. Recently, TLR8 has gained attention because of its association with multiple inflammatory diseases, infections and antitumor responses. TLR8 senses the degradation products of single-stranded RNA from microbes and self-released RNA to induce type I interferons, inflammatory gene expression and nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. So far, the understanding of TLR8 function in vivo is still limited, partially because of lacking a reliable rodent animal model. Murine Tlr8 cannot sense the ligands of human TLR8. In mammals, TLR8 distinguishes live bacteria from dead bacteria to regulate the magnitude of immune responses. Recently, TLR8 has been reported to recognize severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA to induce inflammatory responses, suggesting that TLR8 participates in coronavirus disease 2019 . In this review, we discuss the mechanism of ligand recognition by TLR8, TLR8-mediated signaling pathways and signaling crosstalk between TLR8 and other molecules, and untangle the contribution of TLR8 to inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, antitumor immunity and vaccination.

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