Arc interaction and molten pool behavior in the three wire submerged arc welding process

Kiran, Degala Venkata; Cho, Dae-Won; Song, Woo-Hyun; Na, Suck-Joo

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.04.020

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is assumed that hybrid plasma of HLDAW should be optically thin and in local thermal equilibrium (LTE). By this assumption, the distribution of energy in the plasma region follows Maxwell's equation [18]. The LTE assumption can be satisfied due to sufficiently high electron density [19]: N e ≥ 1.6 × 10 12 T 1/2 e (∆E) 3 cm −3 (1) where N e is the electron density, T e is the electron temperature, and ∆E is the energy gap.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Characteristics of Coupled Plasma and Its Influence on Weld Formation in Hybrid Laser-Double-Arc Welding

Liu

et al. 2019

Materials

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Hybrid laser-double-arc welding (HLDAW) is an efficient welding method with multi-heat sources comprised of two arcs and a laser beam, which is an intricate process with much randomness and uncertainty due to the mutual effect between multi-plasmas. Compared with double-arc welding (DAW), HLDAW can generally obtain a more stable welding process and deeper weld penetration, which is directly affected by the synergistic effect of multiple heat sources; however, the mechanism has not been systematically studied. In this study, the multi-information analysis method is adopted to study the distribution of electron temperatures, electron densities and electrical conductivity of double-arc welding (DAW) and HLDAW by utilizing synchronous radiation spectrum, high-speed photography and electrical signal sensing technology. The results indicated that the high concentration of charged particles provided a conductive channel for the two arcs to achieve a more stable welding process in HLDAW. The synergy between the laser and the arc changed the flow mode of the weld pool, which facilitated the molten metal flowing toward the bottom of the molten pool. Obtaining the same melting depth, the line energy input of HLDAW was 13% lower than that of DAW; the heat affected zone is narrower and the grain size is smaller. The weld penetration depth was improved in HLDAW, which was 1.8 times that of DAW and 1.5 times that of pure laser welding under the laser power of 1.5 kW. The weld penetration of HLDAW increased with laser power.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Characteristics of Coupled Plasma and Its Influence on Weld Formation in Hybrid Laser-Double-Arc Welding

Liu

et al. 2019

Materials

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“…The governing equations in the CFD simulation of a weld pool involve the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation (Navier-Stokes equations), and energy conservation equation. The time step used in the numerical simulation is 0.00001 s. To describe the molten pool behavior, the commercial package, Flow-3D was widely used [15,16,18,21] ( Table 1).…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no heat loss from the radiation, convection and evaporation on the molten pool surface because slag and flux cover the overall weld bead as shown in Figure 1.I n SAW, the heat is input from the slag to the molten pool and lost from the molten pool to the slag. However, the summation of the heat input and heat loss can be regarded as the slag heat transfer (q s ), and the energy boundary condition in equation 6is used [15,16,18,21]. Previous studies found that the thermal efficiency of SAW is between 0.90 and 0.99, and many studies have used a thermal efficiency of 0.95 in numerical simulations [15,16,18,21].…”

Section: Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modeling and the molten pool flow analysis of SAW process are mostly conducted by Cho et al [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Cho et al [15] conducted molten pool analysis of SAW for single electrode for high-current (I > 500 A) condition with spray metal transfer droplet impingement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that the arc interaction, droplet impingement direction and metal transfer mode (spray & FWG) affected the overall flux consumption rates. Kiran et al [21] modeled three wire SAW molten pool simulation which considered arc center displacement and droplet impingement with a physical approach and then analyzed molten pool flow patterns. This chapter briefly introduces the contents how to model and analyze the molten pool behaviors from numerical simulations for single and multi-wire SAW process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modeling and Analysis of Molten Pool Behavior for Submerged Arc Welding Process with Single and Multi-Wire Electrodes

Cho¹

2018

Heat and Mass Transfer - Advances in Modelling and Experimental Study for Industrial Applications

Self Cite

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This chapter describes the procedure of modelling and analysis of molten pool behavior for submerged arc welding process with single and multi-electrodes. As submerged arc welding process is conducted under the covered flux, it is very difficult to extract the various arc shapes and its physical models such as arc heat flux, arc pressure, electromagnetic force, droplet impingement and heat source by consumed flux. This chapter suggests the way to extract the various arc models for submerged arc welding process for single and multi-wire electrodes. As the droplet movements in submerged arc welding process are different from the arc current, this chapter tries to make the flux-wall guided droplet impingement models for low current value (I < 500 A) and spray droplet impingement model for high current value. In high current single electrode submerged arc welding, the molten pool flow pattern for different electrode angle and welding signal wave forms (DC and AC) are analyzed. This chapter also modeled and analyzed the molten pool behaviors for multi-wire electrodes in submerged arc welding process with an arc interaction models for different current values.

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Thermal-Metallurgical-Mechanical Analysis of Weldment Based on the CFD Simulation

Cheon

2018

Transactions on Intelligent Welding Manufacturing

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Arc interaction and molten pool behavior in the three wire submerged arc welding process

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Physical Characteristics of Coupled Plasma and Its Influence on Weld Formation in Hybrid Laser-Double-Arc Welding

Physical Characteristics of Coupled Plasma and Its Influence on Weld Formation in Hybrid Laser-Double-Arc Welding

Modeling and Analysis of Molten Pool Behavior for Submerged Arc Welding Process with Single and Multi-Wire Electrodes

Thermal-Metallurgical-Mechanical Analysis of Weldment Based on the CFD Simulation

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