Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in tree-based intercropping systems: A review of their abundance and diversity

Plant: soil interactions in temperate multi-cropping production systems

“…Compared to conventional crop systems, the fungi found in agroforestry systems do not differ significantly, although the number of AMF taxa and the species diversity within these taxa were significantly higher (Bainard et al 2011b;Bainard et al 2012). Increased biomass and diversity amongst microbial communities in TBIs is spatially related to the tree rows and less to the arable intercrops (Bainard et al 2012), and depending on management intensity and tree density, the transfer of tree AMF to crops, stimulating crop growth in the centre of the alleys may take several years (Chifflot et al 2009;Bainard et al 2011a).…”

“…Most studies on AMF in multi-cropping circumstances have focussed on alley cropping designs. The inclusion of tree species can alter microbial communities by modifying the microclimate within the cropping alleys, improving soil structural stability via roots and extraradical mycelium networks and different organic matter inputs, and by nature of the more heterogeneous vegetation cover can affect soil chemical and nutritional properties, via patchier distribution of leaf litter and root networks (Chifflot et al 2009;Lacombe et al 2009;Bainard et al 2011a).…”

“…Strong host specificity amongst mycorrhizal fungi leads to distinct plant-specific fungal communities, with some species exclusively associated with arbuscular, ecto-, or ectoendo-mycorrhizal fungi (Bever et al 2010;Bainard et al 2011b). Increasing plant diversity has been shown to have positive effects on AMF diversity, community composition and sporulation (Bainard et al 2011a). Significant losses in AM fungal diversity in agricultural soils are likely to be caused by fertilisation, fungicide application, intensive soil disturbance regimes, and low host diversity (Chifflot et al 2009;Lacombe et al 2009;Bainard et al 2011b).…”

Changes in Soil Microbial Community Structure and Functional Diversity in the Rhizosphere Surrounding Tea and Soybean

“…Intercropping, as the essence of traditional agriculture, has been widely spread and applied in agricultural production. Compared to monocropping, numerous studies have shown that intercropping could increase efficiency of utilization of natural resources (Gao et al, 2009;He et al, 2013;Rivest et al, 2010), reduce disease, insect and weed (Hummel et al, 2009;Workayehu and Wortmann, 2011;AbdelMonaima and Abo-Elyousr, 2012), boost crop yield (Songa et al, 2007;Nataraj et al, 2010;Mao et al, 2012) and enhance soil microbial diversity (Hinsinger et al, 2011;Bainard et al, 2011). Therefore, the fact that how to achieve high quality and yield of tea and sustainable development by ecological regulation attract urgent attention.…”

Effects of Exogenous Putrescine on Mycorrhiza, Root System Architecture, and Physiological Traits of Glomus mosseae-Colonized Trifoliate Orange Seedlings

“…Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), belonging to thephylum Glomeromycota, are obligate biotrophs and can form the mutualistic symbiosis with 80% of the terrestrial plants (Bainard et al, 2011). The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis contributes the transfer of mineral nutrients and water from the soil to the host plant (Smith and Read, 2008).…”