Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Conferring Tolerance to Biotic Stresses in Plants

Dowarah, Bhaskar; Gill, Sarvajeet Singh; Agarwala, Niraj

doi:10.1007/s00344-021-10392-5

Cited by 67 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“… Wu & Xia (2006) also drew a conclusion that AMF played a key role in improving crop yield in rainfed agricultural system by improving drought resistance of host plants. Additionally, the influence of biotic stress also leaded to yield losses such as bacterial, viral, nematode phytopathogens and herbivores ( Dowarah, Gill & Agarwala, 2021 ). AMF protects host plants against different biotic stresses by acting alone or in synergy with other native microorganisms ( Dowarah, Gill & Agarwala, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the influence of biotic stress also leaded to yield losses such as bacterial, viral, nematode phytopathogens and herbivores ( Dowarah, Gill & Agarwala, 2021 ). AMF protects host plants against different biotic stresses by acting alone or in synergy with other native microorganisms ( Dowarah, Gill & Agarwala, 2021 ). Many researches also pointed out that AMF stimulates plant growth and yield through increase the tolerance to biotic stress ( Fiorilli et al, 2018 ; Bernaola & Stout, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase crop yields by improving biomass under rainfed condition: a meta-analysis

Shi

Chen

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Rainfed agriculture plays key role in ensuring food security and maintain ecological balance. Especially in developing areas, most grain food are produced rainfed agricultural ecosystem. Therefore, the increase of crop yields in rainfed agricultural ecosystem becomes vital as well as ensuring global food security. Methods The potential roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in improving crop yields under rainfed condition were explored based on 546 pairs of observations published from 1950 to 2021. Results AMF inoculation increased 23.0% crop yields based on 13 popular crops under rainfed condition. Not only was crop biomass of shoot and root increased 24.2% and 29.6% by AMF inocula, respectively but also seed number and pod/fruit number per plant were enhanced markedly. Further, the effect of AMF on crop yields depended on different crop groups. AMF improved more yield of N-fixing crops than non-N-fixing crops. The effect of AMF changed between grain and non-grain crops with the effect size of 0.216 and 0.352, respectively. AMF inoculation enhances stress resistance and photosynthesis of host crop in rainfed agriculture. Conclusion AMF increased crop yields by enhancing shoot biomass due to the improvement of plant nutrition, photosynthesis, and stress resistance in rainfed field. Our findings provide a new view for understanding the sustainable productivity in rainfed agroecosystem, which enriched the theory of AMF functional diversity. This study provided a theoretical and technical way for sustainable production under rainfed agriculture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase crop yields by improving biomass under rainfed condition: a meta-analysis

Shi

Chen

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma are the fungi most widely used for improving plant resistance to diseases. It has been shown that the use of AMF improves the resistance of host plants against different pathogens (virus, fungi, bacteria, nematodes), possibly because of better plant nutrition and the activation of the mycorrhizal induce resistance (MIR) [101]. Recent studies have shown that mycorrhizal soybean plantlets had a reduction in soilborne pathogen colonization and an important transcriptional reprogramming [102][103][104], suggesting an AMF regulation of the host defense response.…”

Section: Stimulation Of Plant Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytophthora Root Rot: Importance of the Disease, Current and Novel Methods of Control

2022

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Phytophthora sojae is a pathogen of major agricultural importance, responsible for Phytophthora root rot (PRR) in soybean crops, which can cause significant yield losses each year. The severity of the disease depends on the soybean cultivar, its growth stage at the time of pathogen infection, and the environmental conditions. High soil moisture and temperature around 25–30 °C are favorable conditions for the development of the disease. Consequently, cultural practices are mainly limited to avoiding bad weather (high moisture) during the sowing or to promoting soil drainage. The use of chemical fungicides is restricted to seed treatments when there is a high risk of disease development. Currently the most economical option for controlling P. sojae is the use of host resistance. However, even if breeding is the main control strategy of PRR, the use of resistant cultivars leads to selection pressure on P. sojae populations, which can lead to high variability of the pathogen and therefore to its adaptation to overcome plant resistance. New strategies are therefore needed, including the use of biological control agents (BCAs). The use of BCAs (i.e., microorganisms or their metabolites) is a promising and sustainable alternative to PRR control that should be strengthened. Therefore, this review addresses the P. sojae–soybean interaction, mechanisms of pathogenicity and host resistance, as well as current and new management strategies with emphasis on the biological control of P. sojae and its associated mechanisms.

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“…MTI associated with AM fungi triggers the synthesis of secondary metabolites and the production of reactive oxygen [ 33 , 34 ]. During the initial stages of mycorrhizal colonization, MAMPs from AM fungi generate a transient and weak MTI, which primes the strong defensive responses to pathogens [ 35 ]. Increased activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) are recorded in mycorrhizal plants infected by pathogens, but PPO and PAL are unchanged in plants inoculated with only AM fungi [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induced Plant Resistance against Fusarium Wilt in Jasmonate Biosynthesis Defective Mutant and Wild Type of Tomato

Hai-xi

Hao

Zhang

et al. 2022

JoF

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can form mutual symbiotic associations with most terrestrial plants and improve the resistance of host plants against pathogens. However, the bioprotection provided by AM fungi can depend on the host–fungus combinations. In this study, we unraveled the effects of pre-inoculation with AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis on plant resistance against the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum in jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis mutant tomato, suppressor of prosystemin-mediated responses8 (spr8) and the wild type Castlemart (CM). Results showed that R. irregularis colonization in CM plants significantly decreased the disease index, which was not observed in spr8 plants, suggesting that the disease protection of AM fungi was a plant-genotype-specific trait. Inoculation with R. irregularis significantly increased the shoot dry weight of CM plants when infected with F. oxysporum, with increased plant P content and net photosynthetic rate. Induced expression of the JA synthesis genes, including allene oxide cyclase gene (AOC) and lipoxygenase D gene (LOXD), and increased activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were recorded in mycorrhizal CM plants infected with F. oxysporum, but not in spr8 plants. Thus, mycorrhiza-induced resistance (MIR) to fungal pathogen in tomato was highly relevant to the JA signaling pathway.

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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Conferring Tolerance to Biotic Stresses in Plants

Cited by 67 publications

References 143 publications

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase crop yields by improving biomass under rainfed condition: a meta-analysis

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase crop yields by improving biomass under rainfed condition: a meta-analysis

Phytophthora Root Rot: Importance of the Disease, Current and Novel Methods of Control

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induced Plant Resistance against Fusarium Wilt in Jasmonate Biosynthesis Defective Mutant and Wild Type of Tomato

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