Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Components of Sustainable Soil-Plant Systems

Hooker, J. E.; Black, Kyrsten E.

doi:10.3109/07388559509147408

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, many agroecosystems present non-optimal conditions for AMF functioning, compared to non-managed ecosystems (Hooker and Black 1995;Hamel 1996;Douds and Millner 1999;Mäder et al 2002;Ryan and Graham 2002;Jeffries et al 2003). Challenges to the functioning of AMF in crop production agroecosystems include tillage, application of biocides, cropping sequences (especially fallows, and rotations with non-mycorrhizal hosts), fertilization, host genotype selection (not necessarily the most mycorrhiza-responsive genotypes are used), and the inadvertent input of pollutants (e.g., as a consequence of fertilization with manures).…”

Section: Potential Roles Of Amf In Soil Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reviews have dealt with various aspects of the potential role of AMF in determining soil quality or as aspects of soil quality (Hooker and Black 1995;Hamel 1996;Jeffries et al 2003). After providing a brief overview of the major issues of AMF and soil quality, this review will focus in particular on the contribution of AMF to soil aggregation, via the AMF extraradical mycelium.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin, and soil aggregation

Rillig¹

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

818

486

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Rillig, M. C. 2004. Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin, and soil aggregation. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 355-363. Arbuscular mycorrhizae are important factors of soil quality through their effects on host plant physiology, soil ecological interactions, and their contributions to maintaining soil structure. The symbiosis is faced with numerous challenges in agroecosystems; in order to inform sustainable management strategies it is hence a high priority to work towards mechanistic understanding of arbuscular mycorrhizae contributions to soil quality. This review focuses on glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), operationally defined soil C pools that have been linked to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In discussing this protein pool, we propose a new terminology used to describe fractions of soil proteins and glomalin. GRSP concentrations in soil are positively correlated with aggregate water stability. GRSP has relatively slow turnover in soil, contributing to lasting effects on aggregation. Controls on production of GRSP at the phenomenological and mechanistic level are evaluated. While there are significant gaps in our knowledge about GRSP and glomalin (particularly at the biochemical level), it is concluded that research on GRSP holds great promise for furthering our knowledge of soil structure and quality, for informing suitable management, and as a foundation for novel biotechnological applications in agriculture and beyond.Key words: Glomalin, GRSP, soil structure, land use, restoration, soil protein, sustainability, arbuscular mycorrhizae Rillig, M. C. 2004. Les mycorhizes à arbuscules, la glomaline et l'agrégation du sol. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 355-363. Les mycorhizes à arbuscules (MA) jouent un rôle important dans la qualité du sol en agissant sur la physiologie de la plante hôte, sur les interactions écologiques du sol et sur la préservation de la structure du sol. Les écosystèmes agricoles exercent maintes contraintes sur la symbiose. Pour implanter des stratégies agricoles durables, il importe donc de bien comprendre la mécanique des apports des MA à la qualité du sol. Cet article examine les protéines du sol associées à la glomaline (PSAG), réservoirs de C du sol présentant des liens avec les champignons à MA. Dans l'étude de ce réservoir protéique, l'auteur recourt à une nouvelle terminologie pour décrire les fractions des protéines telluriques et la glomaline. La concentration de PSAG dans le sol présente une corrélation positive avec la stabilité de l'eau dans les agrégats. Les PSAG se renouvellent assez lentement dans le sol, de sorte qu'elles exercent des effets durables sur l'agrégation. L'auteur examine les valeurs témoins pour la production de PSAG au niveau phénoménologique et mécaniste. Bien que nos connaissances sur les PSAG et la glomaline laissent passablement à désirer à certains égards (notamment en biochimie), il conclut que la recherche sur les PSAG est très prometteuse; elle nous renseignera davantage sur la structure et la qualité des sols, nous aidera à prendre des décisions de gestion...

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Section: Potential Roles Of Amf In Soil Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin, and soil aggregation

Rillig¹

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

818

486

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“…This information provides a clear direction for farmers of AP for going external inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi with the suitable genus at species level selection in each agro-climatic zone and helps in mitigating adverse environmental situations in semi-arid zones of Andhra Pradesh. important part of sustainable agricultural systems that have low inputs of chemical fertilizers and biocides (Bethlenfalvay and Schuepp, 1994;Brundrett, 2009;Hooker and Black, 1995). Modern, intensive agricultural practices, such as chemical fertilization and pest control, continuous monoculture, and tillage have impact on AMF distribution in agricultural soils.…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 3 (2017) Pp 1496-1505mentioning

confidence: 99%

AM Fungal Spore diversity in different Agroclimatic Zones of Andhra Pradesh, India

Trimurtulu¹,

Ashok²

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…Although crop plants that are irrigated and fertilized may not benefit significantly from symbiosis with AMF (reviewed in 50), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are important for nutrient acquisition and drought tolerance in many sustainable agricultural and/or low input systems (reviewed in 51,52,53), and are important considerations in crop rotation (54,55) and for native plant establishment in grassland restorations of former agricultural fields (e.g., 56,57). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can also be affected by tillage (e.g., 58,59,60), plant type (e.g., 54,61), and management practices (e.g., 62,63).…”

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An Evaluation of the Nontarget Effects of Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Maize on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Soil Ecosystem

Cheeke¹

2000

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multiple Bt genotypes and that effects were most pronounced when fertilizer levels were limited and spore density was high. In addition, I found that although differences in AMF colonization between Bt and non-Bt maize were difficult to detect in the field, spore density was reduced in Bt field plots after just one growing season. When I tested the effect of plot history on AMF and plant growth, I found that Bt and non-Bt maize plants had higher leaf chlorophyll content when grown in plots previously cultivated with the same maize line as the previous year, indicative of a positive feedback effect. I also examined potential mechanisms contributing to the reduced AMF colonization observed in Bt maize in greenhouse studies and determined that follow-up experiments should continue to investigate differences in root apoplastic invertase activity and root ii permeability in Bt and non-Bt maize. Future investigations would also benefit from examining potential differences in root exudate profiles and volatile organic compounds between Bt and non-Bt cultivars. Taken together, my dissertation results suggest that, while difficult to detect in the field, reductions in AMF colonization in Bt maize roots may be ecologically significant as they could lead to a decrease in the abundance of AMF propagules in the soil over time, potentially impacting soil structure and function in areas where Bt crop cultivation is high.iii Dedication Dedicated to my parents, soil ecologists everywhere, and students who have worked hard to achieve their dreams iv Acknowledgments

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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Components of Sustainable Soil-Plant Systems

Cited by 53 publications

References 55 publications

Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin, and soil aggregation

Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin, and soil aggregation

AM Fungal Spore diversity in different Agroclimatic Zones of Andhra Pradesh, India

An Evaluation of the Nontarget Effects of Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Maize on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Soil Ecosystem

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