“…A broad spectrum of bacteria and protozoa of veterinary and public health importance have also been detected, including Theileria parva , Ehrlichia ruminantium , Ehrlichia chaffeensis ,Anaplasma marginale , Anaplasma phagocytophilum , andAnaplasma platys (Oundo et al, 2020;Ringo et al, 2018;Omondi et al, 2017;Mwamuye et al, 2017;Teshale et al, 2015).Hyalomma , Amblyomma , and Rhipicephalus ticks sampled from livestock in North-Eastern Kenya were previously shown to be infected with CCHF, Bunyamwera, Dugbe, Ndumu, Semliki forest, Thogoto, Ngari, Dhori, and West Nile viruses (Lwande et al, 2013;Sang et al, 2011Sang et al, , 2006. These viruses are endemic in East Africa (Nyaruaba et al, 2019) and some, such as Semliki Forest, Wesselsbron, Ngari, and Bunyamwera viruses, have only been isolated from mosquitoes (Ajamma et al, 2018;Villinger et al, 2017;Lwande et al, 2013). In most instances, ticks with arboviruses were collected from cattle at LMs and abattoirs, confirming the importance of these facilities for epidemiological investigations of these viruses.…”