Arboviruses

Shope, Robert E.; Meegan, James M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0036-4_6

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…The two samples of infected medium were then titrated by plaque assay in C7/10 cells. A loss of Ն1.5 log in virus titer in the ether-treated sample was considered evidence of solvent (ether) sensitivity (22). Experimental infection of mosquitoes with Negev virus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negevirus: a Proposed New Taxon of Insect-Specific Viruses with Wide Geographic Distribution

Vasilakis

Forrester

Palacios

et al. 2013

J Virol

170

258

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Six novel insect-specific viruses, isolated from mosquitoes and phlebotomine sand flies collected in Brazil, Peru, the United States, Ivory Coast, Israel, and Indonesia, are described. Their genomes consist of single-stranded, positive-sense RNAs with poly(A) tails. By electron microscopy, the virions appear as spherical particles with diameters of ϳ45 to 55 nm. Based on their genome organization and phylogenetic relationship, the six viruses, designated Negev, Ngewotan, Piura, Loreto, Dezidougou, and Santana, appear to form a new taxon, tentatively designated Negevirus. Their closest but still distant relatives are citrus leposis virus C (CiLV-C) and viruses in the genus Cilevirus, which are mite-transmitted plant viruses. The negeviruses replicate rapidly and to high titer (up to 10 10 PFU/ml) in mosquito cells, producing extensive cytopathic effect and plaques, but they do not appear to replicate in mammalian cells or mice. A discussion follows on their possible biological significance and effect on mosquito vector competence for arboviruses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negevirus: a Proposed New Taxon of Insect-Specific Viruses with Wide Geographic Distribution

Vasilakis

Forrester

Palacios

et al. 2013

J Virol

170

258

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“…The mice were observed daily for symptoms of encephalitis for 3 weeks. The brains of the mice that were suspected sick or died were removed, homogenized in normal rabbit serum to give a 10% suspension (Shope & Sather, 1979), and checked for WNV by RT-PCR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence of West Nile Fever and circovirus infection in a goose flock in Hungary

Gianni¹,

Ferenczi

Ivánics³

et al. 2005

Avian Pathology

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“…The incubation period for most arboviruses in 5 to 15 days (185). RRV usually incubates for 7 to 9 days, based on the experience of 20 patients who lived in areas of no risk, visited transmission zones, and developed symptoms with diagnosis confirmed by HI testing (63).…”

Section: Incubation Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ross River Virus Transmission, Infection, and Disease: a Cross-Disciplinary Review

2001

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SUMMARY Ross River virus (RRV) is a fascinating, important arbovirus that is endemic and enzootic in Australia and Papua New Guinea and was epidemic in the South Pacific in 1979 and 1980. Infection with RRV may cause disease in humans, typically presenting as peripheral polyarthralgia or arthritis, sometimes with fever and rash. RRV disease notifications in Australia average 5,000 per year. The first well-described outbreak occurred in 1928. During World War II there were more outbreaks, and the name epidemic polyarthritis was applied. During a 1956 outbreak, epidemic polyarthritis was linked serologically to a group A arbovirus (Alphavirus). The virus was subsequently isolated from Aedes vigilax mosquitoes in 1963 and then from epidemic polyarthritis patients. We review the literature on the evolutionary biology of RRV, immune response to infection, pathogenesis, serologic diagnosis, disease manifestations, the extraordinary variety of vertebrate hosts, mosquito vectors, and transmission cycles, antibody prevalence, epidemiology of asymptomatic and symptomatic human infection, infection risks, and public health impact. RRV arthritis is due to joint infection, and treatment is currently based on empirical anti-inflammatory regimens. Further research on pathogenesis may improve understanding of the natural history of this disease and lead to new treatment strategies. The burden of morbidity is considerable, and the virus could spread to other countries. To justify and design preventive programs, we need accurate data on economic costs and better understanding of transmission and behavioral and environmental risks.

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Arboviruses

Cited by 19 publications

References 134 publications

Negevirus: a Proposed New Taxon of Insect-Specific Viruses with Wide Geographic Distribution

Negevirus: a Proposed New Taxon of Insect-Specific Viruses with Wide Geographic Distribution

Co-occurrence of West Nile Fever and circovirus infection in a goose flock in Hungary

Ross River Virus Transmission, Infection, and Disease: a Cross-Disciplinary Review

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