Arbeitsbelastungen in der Altenpflege reduzieren: Ein Trainingsprogramm für Mitarbeiter und Leitungskräfte

Abstract

Caregivers of the residents in nursing homes are exposed to a high degree of physical and mental stress. The purpose of this study was to develop and to test the effects of skill training aimed at reducing occupational stress. The training consisting of 12 sessions of 90 minutes each was designed for nursing assistants and for care supervisors, respectively. Contents of the program are communicating with the demented, coping with job stress and cooperating with colleagues and subordinates, respectively. Eleven homes for the elderly and nursing homes were involved in the pilot study; 88 caregivers participated in the training, 34 of them were supervisors and 54 nursing assistants. The participants mainly appreciated the contents of the training. A controlled study design was applied to evaluate the training effects. 56 participants assessed their competencies, their job conditions and their health status at the beginning, at the end of the training as well as 12 weeks after the intervention had been finished. 56 persons completed the questionnaire receiving no training. Among the training participants, particularly the self-care skills improved. In addition, occupational stress could be reduced and the climate with the residents improved significantly, whereas the frequency of health problems did not change. Compared to the changes also observed in the control group, statistically significant effects were confined to the improvement of the climate with the residents. Care supervisors in general reported a higher benefit from the training than did nursing assistants. The results of the pilot study were used to adapt the training to the caregivers' needs.

The effectiveness of health-oriented leadership interventions for the improvement of mental health of employees in the health care sector: a systematic review

“…The majority of the included studies were presented in English language and conducted at hospitals/health care institutions (Eastburg et al 1994 ; Greenberg 2006 ; Haraway and Haraway 2005 ; Luk 2018 ; Stansfeld et al 2015 ). One study was implemented at a medical university (Gabbe et al 2008 ) and one in a retirement home in Germany (Zimber et al 2001 ). Five interventions were designed for only one specific occupational group: four studies addressed nursing staff (Eastburg et al 1994 ; Greenberg 2006 ; Luk 2018 ; Zimber et al 2001 ), and one addressed new chairs of the department of obstetrics and gynecology (Gabbe et al 2008 ), whereas two interventions were interprofessional (Haraway and Haraway 2005 ; Stansfeld et al 2015 ), that is, all occupational groups of the organization could participate.…”

“…One study was implemented at a medical university (Gabbe et al 2008 ) and one in a retirement home in Germany (Zimber et al 2001 ). Five interventions were designed for only one specific occupational group: four studies addressed nursing staff (Eastburg et al 1994 ; Greenberg 2006 ; Luk 2018 ; Zimber et al 2001 ), and one addressed new chairs of the department of obstetrics and gynecology (Gabbe et al 2008 ), whereas two interventions were interprofessional (Haraway and Haraway 2005 ; Stansfeld et al 2015 ), that is, all occupational groups of the organization could participate. Overall, a total of 191 leaders took part in an intervention on leadership, communication or interaction topics.…”

“…However, in one study, the exact number of participating leaders was not mentioned (Eastburg et al 1994 ). All studies but two (Haraway and Haraway 2005 ; Luk 2018 ) chose a controlled design in the form of a controlled clinical trial (Eastburg et al 1994 ; Stansfeld et al 2015 ; Zimber et al 2001 ), a cohort analytic design (Greenberg 2006 ) and a randomized controlled trial (Gabbe et al 2008 ). Mental health was measured in a total of n = 648 staff members and n = 86 leaders.…”

“…Mental health was measured in a total of n = 648 staff members and n = 86 leaders. The outcome measures differed across the studies: three studies assessed changes in mental health in staff members only (Eastburg et al 1994 ; Greenberg 2006 ; Stansfeld et al 2015 ), three studies in leaders only (Gabbe et al 2008 ; Haraway and Haraway 2005 ; Luk 2018 ), and one study measured changes in both hierarchy levels (Zimber et al 2001 ). For more details, see Table 2 .…”

Burnout syndrome and coping strategies in Portuguese oncology health care providers

“…Structural adjustment including reducing hours worked per week might limit the risk of developing symptoms of burnout. Training aimed at improving coping skills to deal with work-related stress may prevent burnout syndrome in health professionals 48,49 .…”