Arabinan degrading enzymes from Aspergillus nidulans: Induction and purification

Ramón, Daniel

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(93)90092-g

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As mentioned above, arabinofuranosidases and endoarabinases are induced when Aspergillus is grown on sugar beet pulp whereas AXH are produced during growth on xylan (see "␣-L-Arabinofranosidases and arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolases" above). Expression of the genes encoding these enzymes was also observed on monomeric carbon sources, such as L-arabinose and L-arabitol (111,125,126,303,375). The expression of two arabinofuranosidase-encoding genes (abfA and abfB) and one VOL.…”

Section: Expression Of Specific Genes Responding To Different Inducersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Production of arabinofuranosidases has been observed on arabinoxylan (174), sugar beet pulp (110,376), and L-arabinose and L-arabitol (303,375). Arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolases were produced when Aspergillus was grown on oat straw (209) and birchwood xylan (126).…”

Section: Accessory Enzymes Involved In the Degradation Of Plant Cell mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of endoarabinases by Aspergillus spp. was observed on sugar beet pulp (376) and L-arabinose and L-arabitol (303,375). In A. niger, induction of AbnA seems to occur simultaneously with the induction of AbfA and AbfB (111).…”

Section: Accessory Enzymes Involved In the Degradation Of Plant Cell mentioning

confidence: 99%

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AspergillusEnzymes Involved in Degradation of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides

Vries

Visser

2001

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

877

585

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SUMMARY Degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides is of major importance in the food and feed, beverage, textile, and paper and pulp industries, as well as in several other industrial production processes. Enzymatic degradation of these polymers has received attention for many years and is becoming a more and more attractive alternative to chemical and mechanical processes. Over the past 15 years, much progress has been made in elucidating the structural characteristics of these polysaccharides and in characterizing the enzymes involved in their degradation and the genes of biotechnologically relevant microorganisms encoding these enzymes. The members of the fungal genus Aspergillus are commonly used for the production of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. This genus produces a wide spectrum of cell wall-degrading enzymes, allowing not only complete degradation of the polysaccharides but also tailored modifications by using specific enzymes purified from these fungi. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the cell wall polysaccharide-degrading enzymes from aspergilli and the genes by which they are encoded.

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Section: Expression Of Specific Genes Responding To Different Inducersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Accessory Enzymes Involved In the Degradation Of Plant Cell mentioning

confidence: 99%

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AspergillusEnzymes Involved in Degradation of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides

Vries

Visser

2001

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

877

585

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“…Arabinanolytic genes are specifically induced when A. niger is grown on arabinan-containing substrates or the monomeric compounds L-arabinose and L-arabitol Gielkens et al, 1997Gielkens et al, , 1999Ramon et al, 1993;van der Veen et al, 1991van der Veen et al, , 1993. One of the intermediates of the L-arabinose catabolic pathway, L-arabitol, is believed to be the low-molecular-mass inducer of the system (van der .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of two specific regulatory Aspergillus niger mutants shows antagonistic regulation of arabinan and xylan metabolism

et al. 2003

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This paper describes two Aspergillus niger mutants (araA and araB) specifically disturbed in the regulation of the arabinanase system in response to the presence of L-arabinose. Expression of the three known L-arabinose-induced arabinanolytic genes, abfA, abfB and abnA, was substantially decreased or absent in the araA and araB strains compared to the wild-type when incubated in the presence of L-arabinose or L-arabitol. In addition, the intracellular activities of L-arabitol dehydrogenase and L-arabinose reductase, involved in L-arabinose catabolism, were decreased in the araA and araB strains. Finally, the data show that the gene encoding D-xylulose kinase, xkiA, is also under control of the arabinanolytic regulatory system. L-Arabitol, most likely the true inducer of the arabinanolytic and L-arabinose catabolic genes, accumulated to a high intracellular concentration in the araA and araB mutants. This indicates that the decrease of expression of the arabinanolytic genes was not due to lack of inducer accumulation. Therefore, it is proposed that the araA and araB mutations are localized in positive-acting components of the regulatory system involved in the expression of the arabinanase-encoding genes and the genes encoding the L-arabinose catabolic pathway.

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“…In Aspergillus niger, arabinanolytic genes are specifically and coordinately induced when A. niger is grown on arabinan-containing substrates or the monomeric compounds L-arabinose and L-arabinitol (13,16,17,32,44,45). Since the accumulation of intracellular L-arabinitol correlates with higher production of the enzymes involved in arabinan breakdown in A. nidulans, de Vries and Visser (9) hypothesized that L-arabinitol could be the true inducer of this system.…”

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Molecular Regulation of Arabinan and l -Arabinose Metabolism in Hypocrea jecorina ( Trichoderma reesei )

et al. 2009

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Hypocrea jecorina (anamorph: Trichoderma reesei) can grow on plant arabinans by the aid of secreted arabinan-degrading enzymes. This growth on arabinan and its degradation product L-arabinose requires the operation of the aldose reductase XYL1 and the L-arabinitol dehydrogenase LAD1. Growth on arabinan and L-arabinose is also severely affected in a strain deficient in the general cellulase and hemicellulase regulator XYR1, but this impairment can be overcome by constitutive expression of the xyl1 encoding the aldose reductase. An inspection of the genome of H. jecorina reveals four genes capable of degrading arabinan, i.e., the ␣-L-arabinofuranosidase encoding genes abf1, abf2, and abf3 and also bxl1, which encodes a ␤-xylosidase with a separate ␣-L-arabinofuranosidase domain and activity but no endo-arabinanase. Transcriptional analysis reveals that in the parent strain QM9414 the expression of all of these genes is induced by L-arabinose and to a lesser extent by L-arabinitol and absent on D-glucose. Induction by L-arabinitol, however, is strongly enhanced in a ⌬lad1 strain lacking L-arabinitol dehydrogenase activity and severely impaired in an aldose reductase (⌬xyl1) strain, suggesting a cross talk between L-arabinitol and the aldose reductase XYL1 in an ␣-L-arabinofuranosidase gene expression. Strains bearing a knockout in the cellulase regulator xyr1 do not show any induction of abf2 and bxl1, and this phenotype cannot be reverted by constitutive expression of xyl1. The loss of function of xyr1 has also a slight effect on the expression of abf1 and abf3. We conclude that the expression of the four ␣-Larabinofuranosidases of H. jecorina for growth on arabinan requires an early pathway intermediate (L-arabinitol or L-arabinose), the first enzyme of the pathway XYL1, and in the case of abf2 and bxl1 also the function of the cellulase regulator XYR1.The recently reinitiated interest in second-generation biofuel production (i.e., from renewable plant material whose use does not compete with use for food and feed production) also led to a renaissance in cellulase and hemicellulase production by the ascomycete Hypocrea jecorina (anamorph Trichoderma reesei), the current best producer of these enzymes (27). The efficient use of these enzymes for plant biomass hydrolysis, however, is still limited by several factors, including incomplete knowledge of regulation of production of these enzymes.The L-arabinose polymer arabinan is another polysaccharide found in plant cell wall heteropolysaccharides as a side chain of pectin (9), and L-arabinose is particularly abundant in the form of glucuronoarabinoxylans in monocotyledon primary cell walls of Commelinoid flowery plants and as arabinoxylans in cereal grains, where it can mount up to 25 to 30% (4, 11). H. jecorina is also able to degrade arabinan to L-arabinose by an arabinanolytic system. To date, two arabinofuranosidases have been characterized: an ␣-L-arabinofuranosidase (ABF1) (26) and a ␤-xylosidase which has a separate ␣ L-arabinofuranosidase domain and activity...

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Arabinan degrading enzymes from Aspergillus nidulans: Induction and purification

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

AspergillusEnzymes Involved in Degradation of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides

AspergillusEnzymes Involved in Degradation of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides

Isolation and characterization of two specific regulatory Aspergillus niger mutants shows antagonistic regulation of arabinan and xylan metabolism

Molecular Regulation of Arabinan and l -Arabinose Metabolism in Hypocrea jecorina ( Trichoderma reesei )

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