Arabidopsis thaliana: A model host plant to study plant-pathogen interaction using Chilean field isolates of Botrytis cinerea

González, Juan Pablo; Reyes, Francisca; Salas, Carlos; Santiag, Margarita; Codriansky, Yael; Coliheuque, Nelson; Silva, Herman

doi:10.4067/s0716-97602006000200004

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The fluorescence emitted from the cells surrounding the infection site is presumably due to callose deposition [60,61] and the accumulation of autofluorescent phenolic compounds [62-64]. Callose and phenolics are antimicrobial compounds that help restrict the establishment and spread of S. turcica in the leaf.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance loci affecting distinct stages of fungal pathogenesis: use of introgression lines for QTL mapping and characterization in the maize - Setosphaeria turcicapathosystem

et al. 2010

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BackgroundStudies on host-pathogen interactions in a range of pathosystems have revealed an array of mechanisms by which plants reduce the efficiency of pathogenesis. While R-gene mediated resistance confers highly effective defense responses against pathogen invasion, quantitative resistance is associated with intermediate levels of resistance that reduces disease progress. To test the hypothesis that specific loci affect distinct stages of fungal pathogenesis, a set of maize introgression lines was used for mapping and characterization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning resistance to Setosphaeria turcica, the causal agent of northern leaf blight (NLB). To better understand the nature of quantitative resistance, the identified QTL were further tested for three secondary hypotheses: (1) that disease QTL differ by host developmental stage; (2) that their performance changes across environments; and (3) that they condition broad-spectrum resistance.ResultsAmong a set of 82 introgression lines, seven lines were confirmed as more resistant or susceptible than B73. Two NLB QTL were validated in BC4F2 segregating populations and advanced introgression lines. These loci, designated qNLB1.02 and qNLB1.06, were investigated in detail by comparing the introgression lines with B73 for a series of macroscopic and microscopic disease components targeting different stages of NLB development. Repeated greenhouse and field trials revealed that qNLB1.06Tx303 (the Tx303 allele at bin 1.06) reduces the efficiency of fungal penetration, while qNLB1.02B73 (the B73 allele at bin 1.02) enhances the accumulation of callose and phenolics surrounding infection sites, reduces hyphal growth into the vascular bundle and impairs the subsequent necrotrophic colonization in the leaves. The QTL were equally effective in both juvenile and adult plants; qNLB1.06Tx303 showed greater effectiveness in the field than in the greenhouse. In addition to NLB resistance, qNLB1.02B73 was associated with resistance to Stewart's wilt and common rust, while qNLB1.06Tx303 conferred resistance to Stewart's wilt. The non-specific resistance may be attributed to pleiotropy or linkage.ConclusionsOur research has led to successful identification of two reliably-expressed QTL that can potentially be utilized to protect maize from S. turcica in different environments. This approach to identifying and dissecting quantitative resistance in plants will facilitate the application of quantitative resistance in crop protection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance loci affecting distinct stages of fungal pathogenesis: use of introgression lines for QTL mapping and characterization in the maize - Setosphaeria turcicapathosystem

et al. 2010

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“…Most significantly, it has a small genome (130 Mb) which has been completely sequenced (The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative 2000). This plant also serves as a good genetic and molecular model for the study of plant–pathogen interactions (Gonzalez et al. , 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular analysis of menadione‐induced resistance against biotic stress in Arabidopsis

Borges

Dobón

Expósito-Rodríguez

et al. 2009

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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SummaryMenadione sodium bisulphite (MSB) is a water-soluble derivative of vitamin K3, or menadione, and has been previously demonstrated to function as a plant defence activator against several pathogens in several plant species. However, there are no reports of the role of this vitamin in the induction of resistance in the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana. In the current study, we demonstrate that MSB induces resistance by priming in Arabidopsis against the virulent strain Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC3000 (Pto) without inducing necrosis or visible damage. Changes in gene expression in response to 0.2 mM MSB were analysed in Arabidopsis at 3, 6 and 24 h post-treatment using microarray technology. In general, the treatment with MSB does not correlate with other publicly available data, thus MSB produces a unique molecular footprint. We observed 158 differentially regulated genes among all the possible trends. More up-regulated genes are included in categories such as 'response to stress' than the background, and the behaviour of these genes in different treatments confirms their role in response to biotic and abiotic stress. In addition, there is an over-representation of the G-box in their promoters. Some interesting functions are represented among the individual up-regulated genes, such as glutathione S-transferases, transcription factors (including putative regulators of the G-box) and cytochrome P450s. This work provides a wide insight into the molecular cues underlying the effect of MSB as a plant resistance inducer.

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“…Single and multiple inoculations of leaves with bacterial suspensions of X. axonopodis and R. solanacearum led to a HR at 24 hpi, and leaves inoculated with E. carotovora showed disease symptoms. The HR is characterized by necrosis at the site of the infection (González et al, 2006) and impaired growth of the pathogens (Greenberg, 1997). The HR indicates interactions where there is incompatibility Different letters in columns indicate significant differences (ANOVA, Tukey p≤0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense mechanisms of Solanum tuberosum L. in response to attack by plant-pathogenic bacteria

2009

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The natural resistance of plants to disease is based not only on preformed mechanisms, but also on induced mechanisms. The defense mechanisms present in resistant plants may also be found in susceptible ones. This study attempted to analyze the metabolic alterations in plants of the potato Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Agata that were inoculated with the incompatible plant-pathogenic bacteria X. axonopodis and R. solanacearum, and the compatible bacterium E. carotovora. Levels of total phenolic compounds, including the flavonoid group, and the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POX) were evaluated. Bacteria compatibility was evaluated by means of infiltration of tubers. The defense response was evaluated in the leaves of the potato plants. Leaves were inoculated depending on their number and location on the stem. Multiple-leaf inoculation was carried out on basal, intermediate, and apical leaves, and single inoculations on intermediate leaves. Leaves inoculated with X. axonopodis and with R. solanacearum showed hypersensitive responses within 24 hours post-inoculation, whereas leaves inoculated with E. carotovora showed disease symptoms. Therefore, the R. solanacearum isolate used in the experiments did not exhibit virulence to this potato cultivar. Regardless of the bacterial treatments, the basal leaves showed higher PPO and POX activities and lower levels of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, compared to the apical leaves. However, basal and intermediate leaves inoculated with R. solanacearum and X. axonopodis showed increases in total phenolic compounds and flavonoid levels. In general, multiple-leaf inoculation showed the highest levels of total phenolics and flavonoids, whereas the single inoculations resulted in the highest increase in PPO activity. The POX activity showed no significant difference between single-and multiple-leaf inoculations. Plants inoculated with E. carotovora showed no significant increase in defense mechanisms such as enzyme activity and phenolic compounds. Therefore, resistance or susceptibility in S. tuberosum cv. Agata might depend on leaf age, type of inoculation performed (single or multiple), and the interaction between plant and pathogen.

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Arabidopsis thaliana: A model host plant to study plant-pathogen interaction using Chilean field isolates of Botrytis cinerea

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Resistance loci affecting distinct stages of fungal pathogenesis: use of introgression lines for QTL mapping and characterization in the maize - Setosphaeria turcicapathosystem

Resistance loci affecting distinct stages of fungal pathogenesis: use of introgression lines for QTL mapping and characterization in the maize - Setosphaeria turcicapathosystem

Molecular analysis of menadione‐induced resistance against biotic stress in Arabidopsis

Defense mechanisms of Solanum tuberosum L. in response to attack by plant-pathogenic bacteria

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