Arab immigrant Muslim mothers' perceptions of children's attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Abstract

ADHD is a common behavioral problem among children and adolescents and has been studied extensively. However, this disorder is still understudied in ethnic, immigrant minorities in the U.S. such as Arab families. Thus, this descriptive, qualitative study was important and needed because a gap exists in the literature concerning Arab immigrant mothers' perceptions of the children's behavioral problems such as ADHD and the implications of such child behavioral problems within the Arab immigrant family. The available literature has focused on other minorities in the United States and not Arab minorities. Accordingly, this study focused on and took a qualitative approach in order to gain an in-depth understanding of how Arab immigrant mothers perceive, describe and respond to children behavioral problems. The main purpose of this study was to elicit mothers' perceptions of and responses to behavioral problems in children, especially those behaviors associated with ADHD, in a purposeful sample comprised of Arab immigrant Muslim mothers.The findings of this study indicate that generally, mothers used several terms to describe problematic behaviors in children, words like -active‖, -overactive‖, -spoiled‖, -concentration problems,‖…etc. Also, mothers reported several strategies for how they would respond to a child's behaviors if the child exhibited behavioral problems as well as the use of many resources available for handling a child with behavioral problems.Mothers reported various issues they considered to be triggers that would cause them to seek help for a child's behaviors. Moreover, mothers emphasized the issues of social stigma, lack of knowledge, and lack of resources as problems that would hinder them from seeking professional mental health assistance for treating behavioral problems for children in the mothers' country of birth. The results indicated that the mothers' unfavorable attitudes toward seeking formal mental health services are most likely to be affected by cultural and traditional beliefs about mental health problem. Interestingly, mothers reported that their attitudes toward children's behavioral problems differ when in the U.S. than the generally accepted attitudes held in their home countries.This study added new knowledge and also provided information to social scientists, health care providers, mental health professionals, educators, and policy makers to better understand the needs of Arab immigrant families with children who may suffer from behavioral problems/ADHD. Finally, this study provided information for future researchers who wish to study child behavioral problems/ADHD with immigrant families other than Arabs.Abstract Approved: ____________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________ All praise and thanks to Allah the most merciful and beneficent, who endowed me with will, strength, and means to complete this study. Without His bounty, grace and mercy this work would have never been accomplished. I am particularly thankful to the participants of thi...

Challenges, Coping, and Resilience Among Immigrant Parents Caring for a Child With a Disability: An Integrative Review

“…Mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) living in the United States similarly stated that they felt stigmatized. They worried that they would bring shame to their family if they sought help from psychiatrists or psychologists (Al‐Azzam, ).…”

Challenges, coping and resilience in caring for children with disability among immigrant parents: A mixed methods study

“…This study found common challenges faced by parents, such as navigating the complexity of the healthcare and education system, language barriers and social isolation. Such challenges have been identified in previous studies in the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada (Al‐Azzam, 2011; Beatson, 2013; Ijalba, 2016; Khanlou, Haque, et al (2015) and Khanlou, Mustafa, et al (2015); Kwon, 2016; Wang & Casillas, 2012; Zechella & Raval, 2016). Overcoming the difficulties faced by people with disabilities requires interventions such as providing interpreters and the availability of resources necessary to remove environmental and social barriers (WHO, 2001).…”

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“…The interview guide for the parents and service providers was developed based on previous studies (Al‐Azzam, 2011; Su, 2008) and commented on by experts in the field. Individual interviews were conducted by one researcher to maintain consistency.…”