Aquincola tertiaricarbonis gen. nov., sp. nov., a tertiary butyl moiety-degrading bacterium

Lechner, Ute; Brodkorb, Danny; Geyer, Roland; Hause, Gerd; Härtig, Claus; Auling, Georg; Fayolle-Guichard, Françoise; Piveteau, Pascal; Müller, Roland; Rohwerder, Thore

doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64663-0

Cited by 73 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In addition, we have recently isolated strain L108 from a polluted site in Germany, which is able to grow on MTBE, ETBE and TAME (Rohwerder et al, 2004(Rohwerder et al, , 2006 and, like Methylibium petroleiphilum PM1, belongs to the Ideonella-Leptothrix-Rubrivivax branch of the b-proteobacteria. Strain L108 was classified as a species of a new genus that was named Aquincola tertiaricarbonis (Lechner et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation of fuel oxygenates and their main intermediates by Aquincola tertiaricarbonis L108

2008

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Growth of Aquincola tertiaricarbonis L108 on the fuel oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), as well as on their main metabolites tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), tert-amyl alcohol (TAA) and 2-hydroxyisobutyrate (2-HIBA) was systematically investigated to characterize the range and rates of oxygenate degradation by this strain. The effective maximum growth rates for MTBE, ETBE and TAME at pH 7 and 30 6C were 0.045 h "1 , 0.06 h "1 and 0.055 h "1, respectively, whereas TAA, TBA and 2-HIBA permitted growth at rates up to 0.08 h , respectively. The experimental growth yields with all these substrates were high. Yields of 0.55 g dry mass (dm) (g MTBE) "1 , 0.53 g dm (g ETBE) "1 , 0.81 g dm (g TAME) , and 3.27 mmol 2-HIBA h "1 g "1. The relatively high rates with TBA, TAA and 2-HIBA indicate that the transformations of these metabolites did not limit the metabolism of MTBE and the related ether compounds. Despite the fact that these metabolites still carry a tertiary carbon atom that is commonly suspected to confer recalcitrance to the ether oxygenates, the transformation rates were in the same range as those with succinate and fructose. With MTBE, strain L108 grew at pHs between 5.5 and 8.0 at near-maximal rate, whereas no growth was found below pH 5.0 and above pH 9.0. The optimum growth temperature was 30 6C, but at 5 6C still about 15 % of the maximum rate remained, whereas no growth occurred at 42 6C. This indicates that MTBE metabolites are valuable substrates and that A. tertiaricarbonis L108 is a good candidate for bioremediation purposes. The possible origin of its exceptional metabolic capability is discussed in terms of the evolution of enzymic activities involved in the conversion of compounds carrying tertiary butyl groups. INTRODUCTIONMethyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and the related compounds ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) are widely used as oxygenating compounds in gasoline (Krayer von Krauss & Harremoës, 2001), leading to pollution by unnoticed leakages and accidental spills (Baehr et al., 1999;Klinger et al., 2002; Schmidt et al., 2002;Squillace et al., 1996). They threaten water resources by their unpleasant odour and taste and suspected carcinogenicity (McGregor, 2006). Consequently, much effort is put into studying the environmental fate of these compounds and developing measures against fuel oxygenate pollution. Microbial degradation has been considered in both respects (Deeb et al., 2000;Fayolle et al., 2001;Schmidt et al., 2004). However, MTBE and structurally related compounds were initially found to withstand microbial attack. This was thought to be mainly due to the ether bond in these compounds and the presence of a tertiary carbon atom.Generally, it has proved difficult to isolate strains from enrichment cultures using MTBE as sole carbon and energy source. Attempts for more than 15 years were of limited success. At present, there are only a few strains capable of growing solely on oxygenates. The...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter could be converted to 3-hydoxyisovaleric acid and then split into acetone and acetyl-CoA (NemecekMarshall et al, 1999). However, due to the inability of strain L108 to grow on acetone (Lechner et al, 2007), a cobalamin-dependent route via 2-hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate, corresponding to the TBA intermediate 2-HIBA, is more likely.…”

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Degradation of fuel oxygenates and their main intermediates by Aquincola tertiaricarbonis L108

2008

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“…Moreover, a few strains were able to grow on MTBE and therefore on TBA; Methylibium petroleiphilum PM1 (Hanson et al 1999;Nakatsu et al 2006), Hydrogenophaga flava ENV735 (Hatzinger et al 2001), M. austroafricanum IFP 2012 (François et al 2002) and, more recently, M. austroafricanum IFP 2015 (Lopes Ferreira et al 2006b) and Aquincola tertiaricarbonis L10 (Lechner et al 2007). These strains have been studied at the physiological level, but the genes and enzymes involved in the oxidation of MTBE and in the oxidation of TBA are still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-Alkane assimilation and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) oxidation capacity in Mycobacterium austroafricanum strains

Ferreira

Mathis

Labbé

et al. 2007

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…The purity and supply sources of tertiary alcohols and other chemicals used in this study are listed in the supplemental material. Aquincola tertiaricarbonis strain L108, previously isolated from an MTBE-contaminated aquifer in Leuna, Germany (25,35), was cultivated in liquid mineral salt medium (MSM) (see the supplemental material) containing MTBE at a concentration of 0.3 g liter Ϫ1 . Methylibium petroleiphilum strain PM1 (32), obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC BAA-1232), was grown under the same conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Degradation of tert-Amyl Alcohol Proceeds via Hemiterpene 2-Methyl-3-Buten-2-ol by Employing the Tertiary Alcohol Desaturase Function of the Rieske Nonheme Mononuclear Iron Oxygenase MdpJ

Schuster

Schäfer

Hübler

et al. 2011

Journal of Bacteriology

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Tertiary alcohols, such as tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) and tert-amyl alcohol (TAA) and higher homologues, are only slowly degraded microbially. The conversion of TBA seems to proceed via hydroxylation to 2-methylpropan-1,2-diol, which is further oxidized to 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid. By analogy, a branched pathway is expected for the degradation of TAA, as this molecule possesses several potential hydroxylation sites. In Aquincola tertiaricarbonis L108 and Methylibium petroleiphilum PM1, a likely candidate catalyst for hydroxylations is the putative tertiary alcohol monooxygenase MdpJ. However, by comparing metabolite accumulations in wild-type strains of L108 and PM1 and in two mdpJ knockout mutants of strain L108, we could clearly show that MdpJ is not hydroxylating TAA to diols but functions as a desaturase, resulting in the formation of the hemiterpene 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol. The latter is further processed via the hemiterpenes prenol, prenal, and 3-methylcrotonic acid. Likewise, 3-methyl-3-pentanol is degraded via 3-methyl-1-penten-3-ol. Wild-type strain L108 and mdpJ knockout mutants formed isoamylene and isoprene from TAA and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, respectively. It is likely that this dehydratase activity is catalyzed by a not-yet-characterized enzyme postulated for the isomerization of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol and prenol. The vitamin requirements of strain L108 growing on TAA and the occurrence of 3-methylcrotonic acid as a metabolite indicate that TAA and hemiterpene degradation are linked with the catabolic route of the amino acid leucine, including an involvement of the biotin-dependent 3-methylcrotonyl coenzyme A (3-methylcrotonyl-CoA) carboxylase LiuBD. Evolutionary aspects of favored desaturase versus hydroxylation pathways for TAA conversion and the possible role of MdpJ in the degradation of higher tertiary alcohols are discussed.

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Aquincola tertiaricarbonis gen. nov., sp. nov., a tertiary butyl moiety-degrading bacterium

Cited by 73 publications

References 32 publications

Degradation of fuel oxygenates and their main intermediates by Aquincola tertiaricarbonis L108

Degradation of fuel oxygenates and their main intermediates by Aquincola tertiaricarbonis L108

n-Alkane assimilation and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) oxidation capacity in Mycobacterium austroafricanum strains

Bacterial Degradation of tert-Amyl Alcohol Proceeds via Hemiterpene 2-Methyl-3-Buten-2-ol by Employing the Tertiary Alcohol Desaturase Function of the Rieske Nonheme Mononuclear Iron Oxygenase MdpJ

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