Aquifers in the benin formation (miocene—recent), eastern Niger delta, Nigeria: Lithostratigraphy, hydraulics, and water quality

Amajor, L. C.

doi:10.1007/bf01701565

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The sedimentary fill of the late Quaternary delta top BMS and SWP physiographic terrains, Figure 1 has been described in the western Niger Delta by Akpoborie (2011) and in the eastern sector by Abam (2007) and Amajor (1991) and consists of an admixture of fine, to medium grained and coarse sands; silty clay and discontinuous thin clay layers. In the Effurun-Warri area, sandy layers are dominant up to 30m below ground at Osubi and Ejeba neighborhoods (Olobaniyi & Owoyemi, 2004), while further east Otobo, Aigbogun and Ifedili (2007) report the presence of up to 30m thickness of clay in the shallow aquifer at Aladja.…”

Section: Geology and Groundwater Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization and Major Ion Hydrogeochemistry of the Shallow Aquifer at the Effurun - Warri Metropolis, Nigeria

Akpoborie

Aweto²,

Ohwoghere‐Asuma³

2014

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Results from chemical analyses of forty dug well water samples in the Effurun-Warri metropolis show that mean pH is 7.1 and mean TDS is 193 mg/l. Representative mean levels of cation occurrence include Ca, Mg, Na and K at 6.13mg/l, 4.09 mg/l, 4.89 mg/l and 3.37 mg/l respectively. Mean anion concentration for bicarbonate was 8.20mg/l, 1.27mg/l for sulphate and 23.74mg/l for chloride. Physical and chemical parameters are thus well below WHO and Standard Organization of Nigeria drinking-water quality standards. Piper diagram plots of the data indicate that ground water is predominantly Ca+Mg+Na Chloride facie and that mixing and ion exchange processes control the dominant cation in space and thus at each specific locality. Leachates from the many, widely distributed and unregulated landfills and dumpsites have been identified as possibly the principal sources of major ion loading to groundwater. The ubiquitous onsite sewage treatment soak away pits also contribute major ions to groundwater. These two sources are thus accountable for any observed local spikes in groundwater chloride content rather than sea water intrusion as had been previously suggested.

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Section: Geology and Groundwater Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization and Major Ion Hydrogeochemistry of the Shallow Aquifer at the Effurun - Warri Metropolis, Nigeria

Akpoborie

Aweto²,

Ohwoghere‐Asuma³

2014

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“…The cations in this group includeChromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), Manganese (mn) and Zinc (zn). From Table 5, we were able to establish that, for the major constituent category, Ammonia [NH 3 Fig 9). These two elements are in excess of the acceptable limits for drinking water.…”

Section: Alkalinity (As Cacomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies conducted by Abam (2001), Oteri (1989Oteri ( , 2003 and Okagbue (2007) have identified salinity or saline water intrusion into groundwater aquifers and elevated levels of nitrates, ammonia and chlorides as major problems in the Niger Delta sub-region. Delta State one of the contiguous States with Bayelsa State in the Niger Delta for example, has problems of elevated levels of magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Bicarbonate (HCO 3 ) and hydrogen ion concentration. High sulphate ion (SO 4 2-) reflects the dissolution of sulphides from interstratified peat within the geological formation, high turbidity, increased level of iron around Ogunu, Edjeba, Ughelli, Asaba and Warri areas were also reported (Okolie et In our study area (Bayelsa State), the works of Ekundayo (2006) on groundwater protective soil in Brass Island and Nwidu et al, (2008) on water quality in Amassoma had reported high transmissivity and leakage factors with a heterogeneous permeability, making groundwater susceptible to pollution in the area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality Assessment of Yenagoa and between 2010 and 2011

Amangabara¹,

Ejenma²

2012

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The hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in Yenagoa and environs was investigated to determine the areal distribution of geochemical parameters and attempt to explain the controlling processes responsible for the various facies. Sixty water samples were collected from wells ( Borehole) at different times in both the dry season ( December to February) and the raining/wet Season ( Between May and October) and were analyzed for various parameters including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Chlorine (Cl), Bicarbonate (HCO 3 ) and sulphate ion (SO4 2-) after standard procedures. The Data obtained from the laboratory analysis were used as variable inputs for the descriptive statistics such as mean, minimum, maximum and standard deviation. Laboratory tests were carried out on representative soil samples in accordance with British Standards (B.S) 1377, which are equivalent to the American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) standards. The tests were grain size distribution analysis, permeability (using the constant and falling head permeameters) and Atterberg (consistency) limits and was conducted to enable the evaluation of the gradation, hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability/ and consistency (water absorbing and adsorbing ability) properties of the soil samples, as well as their classification. Results showed that water table was generally close to the surface of the area. The first 0 to 5cm depth consist of organic clay, and essentially, the area is mostly characterized by the sandyclay and silty-clay materials. By implication, the upper clay protective layer for groundwater is thin, coupled with organic materials, biochemical oxygen demand is enhanced. Permeability and transmissivity character of the borehole indicate that if surface water is polluted in one area it can easily get transferred to other part of Yenagoa thus causing serious concern for health implication. The physico-chemical character of the groundwater reflects the hydrochemical facie of the groundwater in the study area. The most prevalent ionic concentration includes iron, calcium, magnesium, Sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate. The trend of occurrence shows the following relationship: Ca > HCO 3 > Na + > K > Mg > Cl -> SO 4 2 . Na + > K > Cl -. There is elevated occurrence of Ca 2+ > HCO 3 -> Mg 2+ ions in the groundwater beyond permissible level reflecting processes of natural rainwater recharge and water -soil/rock interaction

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“…Rainfall is the direct recharge source of the groundwater. The transmissivity values for the aquifer range from 1.05 9 10 -2 to 11.3 9 10 -2 m 2 /s, while the coefficient of storage varies between 1.07 9 10 -4 and 3.53 9 10 -4 and specific capacity values lie between 19.01 and 139.8 m 3 /h/m drawdown (Amajor 1991). These values suggest that the aquifers have very good capacity to transmit groundwater.…”

Section: Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Amajor (1991) has shown that they are an admixture of fluvial/tidal channel, tidal flats and mangrove swamp deposits. The sands are micaceous and feldspathic, subrounded to angular in texture and constitute good aquifers.…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of major factors influencing the geochemistry of groundwater using graphical and multivariate statistical methods in Yenagoa city, Southern Nigeria

Okiongbo

Douglas

2014

Appl Water Sci

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To achieve a better understanding of the nature of the factors influencing groundwater composition as well as to specify them quantitatively, conventional graphical and multivariate statistical analysis (principal component analysis) were applied on hydrochemical data consisting of 51 groundwater samples collected from domestic boreholes in Yenagoa city, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The mode of study includes analysis of major ion contents and other chemical parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity of the groundwater samples. The PCA yielded three principal components explaining 78.38 % of the total variance of the 11 parameters. The three components are interpreted as controlled by the natural weathering of existing silicate rocks, reverse ion-exchange processes and oxidation reactions which are further supported by the scatter diagrams, ionic signatures and mechanisms controlling the water chemistry diagrams as the common factors influencing the groundwater hydrogeochemical character. Limited anthropogenic influence on the groundwater composition has also been noticed in the study area. The groundwater poses no threat to human health because the concentrations of physico-chemical parameters that can be used to evaluate drinking water quality are within World Health Organisation standard specification. The groundwater in the area is fresh, high salinity and low sodium in nature.

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Aquifers in the benin formation (miocene—recent), eastern Niger delta, Nigeria: Lithostratigraphy, hydraulics, and water quality

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

Urbanization and Major Ion Hydrogeochemistry of the Shallow Aquifer at the Effurun - Warri Metropolis, Nigeria

Urbanization and Major Ion Hydrogeochemistry of the Shallow Aquifer at the Effurun - Warri Metropolis, Nigeria

Groundwater Quality Assessment of Yenagoa and between 2010 and 2011

Evaluation of major factors influencing the geochemistry of groundwater using graphical and multivariate statistical methods in Yenagoa city, Southern Nigeria

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