Aquifer Tuning for Optimum Performance of In Situ Remedies

Suthersan, Suthan; Horst, John; Nelson, Denice; Potter, Scott T.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01301.x

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Above saturation levels, gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and hydrogen may cause biofilm expansion and gas accumulation in system piping and pore spaces, which can also increase aquifer injection resistance and reduce hydraulic conductivity and permeability of the subsurface formation (Ye et al, 2009;Zhang & Gillham, 2005). Most soluble carbon substrates are readily metabolized, and gas generation can occur in real time during an injection event once the microbial ecology is established within the system infrastructure or around the injection points (Suthersan, Horst, Nelson, & Potter, 2010). This is more prevalent during large-volume, long-duration injections.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Biofoulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selection of the appropriate organic carbon substrate should include balancing the aquifer structure, fermentative gas generation rate, utilization kinetics (Exhibit 1), groundwater velocity, and cost (Suthersan et al, 2010). Solubility of organic carbon substrates relates to the bioavailability; the utilization kinetics are directly related to the likelihood of a reagent to biofoul.…”

Section: Developing An Effective Substrate Dosing Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of Biofouling: Lessons Learned From a Decade of Carbon Injection System Operation and Maintenance

Burnell

Spitzinger

Jin

et al. 2013

Remediation Journal

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Over the past decade, we have learned a number of critical lessons surrounding carbon substrate handling while operating and maintaining hundreds of enhanced in situ biological remedies. The same qualities that make these substrates effective can also cause biofouling of the mixing system, piping infrastructure, and remediation wells. Managing biofouling is a key piece of a successful remedy and requires a unique set of design principles. Small decreases in injection rates can have considerable impacts to life-cycle costs and performance caused by decreased substrate distribution and longer injection time frames, resulting in the need for system cleaning, well rehabilitation, and even well replacement. Biofouling can impair performance in any size system, but effects are often magnified by large injection volumes and extended time frames. Design should be considered in all stages of the anaerobic enhanced in situ bioremediation life cycle, particularly related to reagent mixing, storage, and residence time within the system. By understanding the fundamental mechanisms of biofouling, practitioners can make operational adjustments to enhance remedy performance by considering potential biofouling controls in the design; balancing site-specific strategy and diagnostics; and proactively adjusting and fine tuning control/prevention technology and methodology.Ultimately, a combination of chemical and physical methods may be required to operate a carbon handling system over the long term; however, the operational costs can be greatly reduced and delivery efficiency increased if these methods are understood during the design phase. O

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Section: Mechanisms Of Biofoulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Developing An Effective Substrate Dosing Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Biofouling: Lessons Learned From a Decade of Carbon Injection System Operation and Maintenance

Burnell

Spitzinger

Jin

et al. 2013

Remediation Journal

Self Cite

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“…Successful design of an injection-based remedy will always encompass elements of customization to fit site-specific aquifer and contaminant characteristics. This concept can be called aquifer tuning and entails overcoming aquifer constraints with predetermined design and implementation steps (Suthersan et al, 2010).…”

Section: Treatment Optimization Requires "Aquifer Tuning"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights from years of performance that are shaping injection‐based remediation systems

Suthersan

Horst

Nelson

et al. 2011

Remediation Journal

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Research and field experience from the past 15 years has allowed remediation professionals to purposefully design injection-based remediation systems with a high potential for success. Industry professionals can now claim a number of achievements that were unthinkable just a few years ago:(1) we have demonstrated that maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) can be achieved for multiple contaminants;(2) we have successfully targeted dense nonaqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) source zones; (3) we have expanded our understanding of injection hydraulics to treat large plumes; and(4) we have collected sufficient data on rates of treatment to be more predictive regarding outcomes.The next decade will continue to evolve the design and execution of these types of systems for application to more complex problems. At this point on the timeline, questions regarding the mechanisms of treatment have largely been addressed, allowing a shift in focus to operational enhancements. Specific operational insights arising from the body of work to date that arguably will continue to shape and influence the design and execution of injection-based remediation systems include: (1) the fact that delivery does not always equal distribution, (2) treatment optimization requires aquifer tuning, and (3) life-cycle costs can be reduced with remedy-optimized investigation.The number of examples that support these concepts and their ramifications to future technology refinement is already increasing, demonstrating how the refinements that can be made around these areas of focus will enhance our ability to effectively tackle larger and more complicated plumes, and do so with maximum efficiency. O

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“…In a previous column entitled Aquifer Tuning for Optimum Performance of In Situ Remedies (Suthersan et al 2010; Figure 1), we describe the elements of successful in situ remedy implementation. Specifically, the successful implementation of an in situ injection‐based technology must be tuned to bring the design, implementation, and endpoints into balance against the constraints presented by the natural system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viewing the End from the Beginning: Designing for the Transition to Long‐Term Passive Phases of In Situ Chlorinated Solvent Treatment

Horst¹,

McCaughey²,

Justicia-Leon³

et al. 2022

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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This column reviews the general features of PHT3D Version 2, a reactive multicomponent transport model that couples the geochemical modeling software PHREEQC-2 (Parkhurst and Appelo 1999) with three-dimensional groundwater flow and transport simulators MODFLOW-2000 and MT3DMS (Zheng and Wang 1999). The original version of PHT3D was developed by Henning Prommer and Version 2 by Henning Prommer and Vincent Post (Prommer and Post 2010). More detailed information about PHT3D is available at the website http://www.pht3d.org.The review was conducted separately by two reviewers. This column is presented in two parts.

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Aquifer Tuning for Optimum Performance of In Situ Remedies

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Control of Biofouling: Lessons Learned From a Decade of Carbon Injection System Operation and Maintenance

Control of Biofouling: Lessons Learned From a Decade of Carbon Injection System Operation and Maintenance

Insights from years of performance that are shaping injection‐based remediation systems

Viewing the End from the Beginning: Designing for the Transition to Long‐Term Passive Phases of In Situ Chlorinated Solvent Treatment

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