Aqueous extract of Monodora myristica ameliorates cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats

Abstract

In recent years, indigenous medicinal plants exhibiting diverse biological activities have been explored in the amelioration of hepatotoxicity. This study investigates the protective effect of Monodora myristica (MM) on cadmium-induced liver damage in experimental animals. Male Wistar albino rats were maintained on 200 mg/L cadmium: Cd (Cd as CdCl2) in the animals’ main drinking water to induce hepatotoxicity. Added to this, the animals received aqueous extracts of MM at a dose of 200 or 400 and 20 mg/kg bw of Livolin forte (LF) for 21 days. At the end of the experiment, levels of serum enzyme biomarkers (alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase) as well as total cholesterol (TC), triacylglyceride (TG) and malondialdehyde were significantly raised in the cadmium treated groups. Conversely, cadmium treatment elicited noticeable decrease in hepatic enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione: GSH, catalase: CAT, superoxide dismutase: SOD). Co-treatment with MM at varying doses as well as LF considerably decreased the elevated levels of the serum biomarkers as well as TC, TG and malondialdehyde in the cadmium-treated groups in a dose dependant manner. Additionally, MM exhibited reversal potential on cadmium-toxicity at the tested doses as its administration was accompanied by a pronounced increase in GSH, SOD, and CAT levels. Histopathological results were parallel to these findings. These results demonstrates that aqueous extracts of MM is effective in the amelioration of hepatic damages arising from cadmium-induced toxicity, indicating that the antioxidant bio-constituents of MM play an important role in the prevention of liver toxicity possibly by inhibiting bioaccumulation of free radicals in animal models.

High dose of standardised extract ofCostus aferleaves potentiates cadmium reproductive toxicity in Wistar rats

“…Cadmium has capacity of causing oxidative stress to the organism by reduction in system antioxidant concentration such as glutathione, protein‐bound sulfhydryl group, thereby promoting the generation of ROS (Nazima, Manoharan, & Miltonprabu, ; Oyinloye et al, ).…”

“…Zhai, Narbad, and Chen () reported that less developed nations are confronted with the cadmium problems largely. There is extensive document on cadmium toxicity which includes testicular atrophy, hypertension, anaemia, hepatocellular damage, injury to the central nervous system and renal dysfunction among many other disease conditions (Oyinloye et al, ). Cadmium toxicity (acute and chronic) is usually significant in testes as observed in laboratory animals (Farombi, Adedara, Akinrinde, Ojo, & Eboh, ).…”

“…Antioxidants present in medicinal plants have been explored in treatment of toxicity associated with the heavy metal (such as lead, cadmium and mercury) in biological system (Elkhadragy & Abdel Moneim, ; Oyinloye et al, ; Zhai et al, ). Kim et al () reported consumption of dietary components can ameliorate cadmium intoxication and accumulation in the body.…”

Effect of Pretreatment with Aqueous Leaf Extract of Vitex doniana on Cadmium-Induced Toxicity to Rats

“…Reduced glutathione (GSH) is an essential constituent of the endogenous antioxidant defence system, and it functions as a direct freeradical scavenger as well as reduces intracellular reactive oxygen species [39]. It is usually used up in the course of destroying the oxy-radicals leading to the depletion of its tissue reserves in the process [16].…”

Lesser Known Aromatic Plants in Nigeria

“…In vivo studies on the aqueous extracts of the seed and fruit also suggest that anti-oxidant bio-constituents play an important role in the prevention of liver toxicity possibly by inhibiting bioaccumulation of free radicals in animal models and could also reverse liver toxicity induced by high cholesterol diets and exert hypocholesterolemic efects [25,61].…”