Aqueous extract of Lannea microcarpa attenuates dextran sulphate-induced paw oedema and xylene-induced ear oedema in rodents

Abstract

Background: Lannea microcarpa Engl. and K. Krause (Family Anacardiaceae), a tropical tree is used traditionally used in Africa for both medicinal and non-medicinal purposes. Folkoric uses of the plant include wound healing, conjunctivitis, stomatitis and gingivitis among others. Inflammatory reactions are involved in several diseases which this plant is traditionally used to manage. This study was therefore aimed at investigating the antiinflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of Lannea microcapa.Methods: Oedema was induced in the right hind paws of Sprague Dawley rats (200-250g, 12 weeks old, n=5) using dextran sulphate solution whiles ear oedema was induced in ICR mice (25-30g, 6 weeks old, n=5) using xylene solutions. Aqueous extracts of ALM (30, 100 and 300mg kg-1) were administered in a set of rats and mice for both prophylactic and therapeutic studies. In the dextran sulphate-induced paw oedema, rats (200-250g) were treated orally with ALM (30, 100 and 300 mg kg-1) for both prophylactic and therapeutic studies. The paw thickness of the rats was measured before and after dextran sulphate injection at an hourly interval for 5 h. For xylene-induced ear oedema, ICR mice (25-30g) were given the same doses of the ALM and the ear weight of mice were measured after 2 h.Results: In the dextran sulphate-induced paw oedema, the ALM reduced the mean maximal paw oedema significantly (P ≤0.05) to 36.392±9.207% and 26.050±3.396% at 100 and 300 mg kg-1 (prophylaxis) and 32.192±5.670%, 31.398±6.921% and 31.593±5.841% at 30, 100 and 300 mg kg-1 (therapeutic) in dose dependent manner when compared to the control respectively. Similarly, the ALM dose dependently showed a significant (P ≤0.05) reduction of percentage mean oedema in xylene-induced ear oedema by 43.56%, 59.63% and 68.07% at 30, 100 and 300 mg kg-1 when compared to the control respectively.Conclusions: Aqueous extract of Lannea microcapa (30 -300 mg kg-1) caused significant reduction of oedema in both dextran sulphate-induced paw oedema and xylene-induced ear oedema.

Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Lannea microcarpa Engl. and K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) Trunk Barks Corrects Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Endothelial Dysfunction in Mice

“…Pharmacologically, trunk bark extract of Lannea microcarpa has antioxidant activity [8–10] and can mitigate the damaging effects of oxidative stress on cells [11]. Lannea microcarpa extracts have also anti-inflammatory properties [12] and induced vascular relaxation via the inhibition of phosphodiesterases [13].…”

An overview on Ethnopharmacologicals studies carried out on Lannea microcarpa Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiaceae): a medicinal plant used in Burkina Faso for the treatment of hypertension

“…In the dextran sulphate-induced paw oedema, the ALM reduced the mean maximal paw oedema signi icantly (P ≤0.05) to 36.392±9.207% and 26.050±3.396% at 100 and 300 mg kg-1 (prophylaxis) and 32.192±5.670%, 31.398±6.921% and 31.593±5.841% at 30, 100 and 300 mg kg-1 (therapeutic) in dose-dependent manner when compared to the control respectively. Similarly, the ALM dose dependently showed a signi icant (P ≤0.05) reduction of percentage mean oedema in xylene-induced ear oedema by 43.56%, 59.63% and 68.07% at 30, 100 and 300 mg kg-1 when compared to the control respectively (Antwi-Adjei et al, 2017). Figure 5 shows effects of Lannea microcarpa extracts on the maximal (A and C) and the total oedema responses (B and D) in the prophylactic and therapeutic studies of dextran sulphate-induced paw oedema in rats, respectively (n=5) denotes time of drug administration.…”

“…Extracts from the leaves and trunk bark of Lannea microcarpa have anti-in lammatory properties (Antwi-Adjei et al, 2017;Bationo et al, 2015). No increase in the release of interleukin IL-1α was observed on reconstituted human skin cells (RHE; Skinethic, Nice, France) in culture treated with the lyophilised n-butanol fraction (extract A).…”

Lannea microcarpa: A Review of its Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties

“…Seeds of L. microcarpa are characterized by high crude oil and protein content that make them valuable as animal feed or for human nutrition and cosmetics [3,21]. Pale et al [41] The pharmacological activities exhibited by L. microcarpa extracts include the following: antibacterial [21,38,45], antifungal [45], antihypertensive [46,47], anti-inflammatory [42,48,49], antioxidant [21,[37][38][39]48,50], antiprotozoal and antitrypanosomal [35,51], inhibition of α-amylase [39], shea butter stabilization [39] and trypsin inhibition [39] activities.…”

“…The fruit and leaf extracts inhibited lipid peroxidation with 32.9% and 78.1%, respectively [48]. Similarly, Antwi-Adjei et al [49] evaluated anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous stem bark extract of L. microcarpa using the extran sulphateinduced paw oedema in Sprague Dawley rats. The extracts reduced the mean maximal paw oedema in a dose dependent manner when compared to the control.…”