Aqueous ethanol extract of Libidibia ferrea (Mart. Ex Tul) L.P. Queiroz (juca) exhibits antioxidant and migration-inhibiting activity in human gastric adenocarcinoma (ACP02) cells

Abstract

Libidibia ferrea (juca) is a plant belonging to the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family, whose antioxidant activity has been widely described in the literature. We evaluated this parameter of Aqueous ethanol extract (AE), ethyl acetate (ACO), chloroform (CLO) and hexane (HEX) extracts of L. ferrea. We then tested the most active extract for its toxicity and ability to inhibit migratory activity in the ACP02 gastric adenocarcinoma cell line in vitro. The AE and ACO extracts both had antioxidant activity, the AE extract showing greater potential. This may reflect that both extracts contained phenolic compounds. Although AE extract showed no cytotoxic, mutagenic or genotoxic effect, it altered cell morphology and migration activity. Analysis of apoptosis/necrosis indicated that this parameter does not appear to account for the apparent ability of AE to inhibit cancer cell migration. We speculate that the morphological changes in AE-treated cells could be due to cytoskeleton alterations related to the presence of myo-inositol in AE extract. Together, our results demonstrate this extract of L. ferrea can act as an exogenous antioxidant and might prove useful in efforts to fight secondary tumors.

Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart. (Fabaceae) Phytochemistry, Ethnobotany, and Bioactivities: A Review

“…The phytochemical analyzes of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic fruit extracts identified the presence of ellagic acid and gallic acid with the HPLC technique [ 13 , 55 , 61 ]. Meanwhile, qualitative chemical analyzes of the hydroalcoholic fruit extract showed the presence of seven chemical classes: saponins, organic acids, reducing sugars, phenols, tannins, sesquiterpene lactones, and anthraquinones [ 56 ].…”

“…Phytochemical studies of the hydroalcoholic, chloroformic, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate extracts from C. ferrea pods showed the presence of numerous compounds such as glycerol, d -fructose, myo-inositol, chemical acid, glucopyranose, glucose, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, oxalic acid, butanedioic acid, pyrotartaric acid, pentanoic acid, malic acid, pentanedioic acid, arabinonic acid, octanedioic acid, azelaic acid, d -galactopyranosyl, benzoic acid, alpha- d -glucopyranose, palmitic acid, stearic acid, 2-bromosbacic acid, tetracosanoic acid, n-valeric acid, alpha hydroxyisobutyric acid, caproic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, maleic acid, pyrotartaric acid, pelargonic acid, pimelic acid, tetradecanoic acid, suberic acid, myristic acid, D-mannose, n-pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, cholesterol, 2-bromosbacic acid, monopalmitin, docosanoic acid, N-dodecanol, myristic acid, methyl palmitate, palmitic acid, methyl oil, methyl stearate, vapor acid, methyl arachidate, arachidonic acid, methyl benzoate, methyl lignocerate, tetracosanoic acid, nonacosane, octacosanol, and campesterol [ 56 ].…”

“…The leaf hydroalcoholic extract also showed high antioxidant activity in the DPPH and ABTS free radical elimination assays with Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration (IC 50 ) values of 28.96 and 145.10 μg/mL, respectively [ 12 ]. Four pod extracts (chloroformic, n-hexane, hydroalcoholic, and ethyl acetate) were evaluated for their antioxidant activity; however, only two extracts presented free radical elimination activity, these being the hydroalcoholic extract, with IC 50 values of 74.36 μg/mL for DPPH and ABTS IC 50 of 9.76 μg/mL, and the ethyl acetate extract, with IC 50 values of 116.10 and 29.13 μg / mL for DPPH and ABTS, respectively [ 56 ].…”

“…The pod hydroalcoholic extract showed an antimetastatic potential, since it decreased the migration of ACP02 cells (gastric adenocarcinoma) following 24 h of treatment, presenting a dose-response effect that increased from 50 µg/mL concentrations [ 56 ]. The C. ferrea seed aqueous extract did not have the potential to inhibit hemorrhages induced by Bothrops jararaca venom in Swiss mice [ 62 ].…”

Selective anticancer effects of Serjania marginata Casar. extract in gastric cells are mediated by antioxidant response

“…30,31,33 The ACP02 cancer cell line has been widely used as a model for the study of gastric cancer. [34][35][36] The cytotoxicity of the SM leaf extract was determined using the colorimetric MTT assay, which measures enzyme activity, predominantly succinate dehydrogenase. 37 The cytotoxicity was probably related to SM pro-oxidant effects in ACP02 cells since it increased intracellular ROS levels after 24 h of treatment at 200 μgÁml À1the same treatment length used in the MTT assay.…”