Aqueous chlorination of levofloxacin: Kinetic and mechanistic study, transformation product identification and toxicity

Najjar, Nasma Hamdi El; Deborde, Marie; Journel, Romain; Leitner, Nathalie Karpel Vel

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2012.09.035

Cited by 87 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…In most cases, chlorination is not applied when oxidation of organic micropollutants is the goal, because it can produce biologically active TPs [79]. Especially when the inorganic content in the water matrix is very high, some reactive species, such as chloride or sulfate radicals, are produced, and they directly influence the formation of TPs.…”

Section: Transformation Products Formed By Abiotic Processes In Aquatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted and non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric workflows for identification of transformation products of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment

Bletsou

Jeon

Hollender

et al. 2015

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

291

184

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A B S T R A C TIdentification of transformation products (TPs) of emerging pollutants is challenging, due to the vast number of compounds, mostly unknown, the complexity of the matrices and their often low concentrations, requiring highly selective, highly sensitive techniques. We compile background information on biotic and abiotic formation of TPs and analytical developments over the past five years. We present a database of biotic or abiotic TPs compiled from those identified in recent years. We discuss mass spectrometric (MS) techniques and workflows for target, suspect and non-target screening of TPs with emphasis on liquid chromatography coupled to MS (LC-MS). Both low-and high-resolution (HR) mass analyzers have been applied, but HR-MS is the technique of choice, due to its high confirmatory capabilities, derived from the high resolving power and the mass accuracy in MS and MS/MS modes, and the sophisticated software developed.

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Section: Transformation Products Formed By Abiotic Processes In Aquatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted and non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric workflows for identification of transformation products of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment

Bletsou

Jeon

Hollender

et al. 2015

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

291

184

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“…Dodd et al 58 já haviam reportado a rápida oxidação de enrofloxacina com hipoclorito: 50% de degradação após 3 min de reação. Mais recentemente, Najjar et al 59 verificaram que a levofloxacina (0,04 mg L ).…”

Section: Processos Convencionaisunclassified

“…Dada a baixa eficiência dos métodos convencionais e devido ao longo tempo de exposição à radiação ultravioleta necessário para a degradação de quinolonas, 11,14,58,59,[63][64][65][66][67][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86] conforme apresentado na Tabela 4, torna-se importante o estudo e a avaliação de tratamentos avançados.…”

Section: -69unclassified

“…Por esse motivo, ensaios para o monitoramento da toxicidade são desejáveis, principalmente quando a total mineralização dos contaminantes não é atingida. 112 A cloração, um dos processos mais comumente usados nas ETA, foi aplicada na degradação da levofloxacina por Najjar et al 59 Mesmo atingindo 93% de degradação da fluoroquinolona, houve uma aumento de 88% da toxicidade da solução, avaliada pela inibição da fluorescência da bactéria V. fischeri. O mesmo foi observado por Li et al 31 em soluções contendo enrofloxacina submetidas à fotólise: a inibição da fluorescência da bactéria V. fischeri aumentou de 26,5% para 67,2% em 60 min.…”

Section: Toxicidade E Atividade Antimicrobiana Residual Toxicidadeunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Occurrence and Degradation of Quinolones by Advanced Oxidation Processes

Rodrigues-Silva¹,

Maniero²,

Peres³

et al. 2014

Química Nova

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OCCURRENCE AND DEGRADATION OF QUINOLONES BY ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES. In this review, the presence of quinolones in the environment, their risks and the available processes for water decontamination were addressed. Their occurrence in surface waters and also in soil raises concerns about the risk of the development of resistant bacteria and other potential chronic effects. AOPs (UV/H 2 O 2 , Fenton, photo-Fenton, and UV/TiO 2 ) and ozonation proved effective for degrading these emerging contaminants due to hydroxyl radical formation, surpassing the efficacy of conventional methods. In addition, the main degradation mechanisms of these drugs as well as data on residual biological activity were analyzed.Keywords: antimicrobials; degradation mechanisms; toxicity. INTRODUÇÃOAntimicrobianos são definidos como compostos naturais, sinté-ticos ou semi-sintéticos, cuja finalidade é prevenir ou tratar doenças infecciosas causadas por micro-organismos patogênicos, 1 tanto nos seres humanos como na medicina veterinária. Visto que não são totalmente metabolizados durante o uso terapêutico, os antimicrobianos estão presentes no esgoto doméstico principalmente como resultado da excreção humana. O uso de antimicrobianos na atividade pecuária contribui, também, para a sua introdução no meio ambiente, como resultado de processos de manufatura, disposição irregular ou excreção metabólica.2 Dessa forma, esses compostos são continuamente lançados no ambiente e, considerando sua característica recalcitrante de difícil remoção/degradação, são considerados pseudopersistentes.Existem aproximadamente onze diferentes classes de antimicrobianos, 3 que se diferenciam por sua estrutura química ou mecanismos de ação no tratamento específico de determinado patógeno. As quinolonas, antimicrobianos sintéticos, são eficientes no tratamento de infecções por bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas e são largamente empregadas tanto na medicina humana como veteriná-ria. Bactérias Gram-negativas são aquelas que possuem uma parede celular com poucas camadas de peptideoglicana e uma segunda membrana de lipopolissacarídeo. No processo de coloração, a lavagem com álcool rompe a camada externa de lipopolissacarídeo e o corante é removido por meio da camada de peptideoglicana. Consequentemente, as células Gram-negativas permanecem incolores até serem coradas com a safranina (segundo corante), adquirindo tonalidade rosa-avermelhada. Como exemplo, pode-se citar: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (causadora de infecções no aparelho pulmonar, urinário e respiratório), Escherichia coli (causadora de infecções urinárias) e Salmonella (causadora de intoxicações alimentares). As bactérias Gram-positivas, como por exemplo, a Streptococcus pneumoniae, possuem uma parede com mais camadas de peptideoglicana que as bactérias Gram-negativas. Empregando-se a coloração de Gram, apresentam-se com coloração púrpura quando fixadas com cristal violeta (primeiro corante), uma vez que essas bactérias retêm esse corante mesmo quando expostas ao álcool. 4,5 Dentre os principais riscos ...

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“…The removal of those compounds in sewage treatment plants is a complex issue, and their toxicity patterns are flexible under various treatment processes, such as ozonation, UV photolysis and chlorination disinfection. Report regarding acute toxicity elevation has been disclosed in levofloxacin chlorination process (El Najjar et al, 2013). Therefore, it is necessary to consider the toxic effects for not only quinolone precursors but also their transformation products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute toxicity evaluation for quinolone antibiotics and their chlorination disinfection processes

Wei

2014

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Acute toxicity of 21 quinolone antibiotics was monitored using photobacterium Vibrio fischeri assay. The minimum IC 20 (inhibitory concentration for 20% luminescence elimination) was obtained at the least 18.86 μmol/L for the tested quinolones. A quantitative structure-activity relationship model was established to investigate the possible mechanism for the acute toxicity. The critical physicochemical descriptors, describing σ and π atom electronegativity, implied that the electron transfer might occur between the quinolones and photobacterium V. fischeri. Although the quinolones exhibited limited acute toxicity to photobacterium, toxicity elevation was detected after their chlorination. Hence, chlorination disinfection treatment of quinolone-containing water should be of concerns.

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Aqueous chlorination of levofloxacin: Kinetic and mechanistic study, transformation product identification and toxicity

Cited by 87 publications

References 28 publications

Targeted and non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric workflows for identification of transformation products of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment

Targeted and non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric workflows for identification of transformation products of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment

Occurrence and Degradation of Quinolones by Advanced Oxidation Processes

Acute toxicity evaluation for quinolone antibiotics and their chlorination disinfection processes

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