The structures of the aqueous nitrate complexes of Pu(IV)
have been studied by extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) at nitric acid concentrations of 3, 8, and 13 M.
Systematic changes in the EXAFS spectra
demonstrate the trends of increasing nitrate ligation and decreasing
water ligation as a function of increasing
nitric acid concentration. The coordination numbers of the
nitrogens and noncoordinating oxygens are consistent
with previous studies in which the principal species were found to be
the di-, tetra-, and hexanitrato complexes
in these solutions. The Pu(IV) nitrato complexes in nitric
acid appear to have similar actinide−nitrate structures
as seen in the solid state structures of analogous thorium and
neptunium nitrate compounds in which the nitrate
ligands are planar and bidentate, and the central actinide atom is in
the plane of the nitrates. The nitrates are
distorted with respect to free nitrate in that the nitrogen−oxygen
bond length of the noncoordinating oxygen is
significantly shorter than the nitrogen−oxygen bond lengths of the
coordinated oxygens. The plutonium in these
complexes is highly coordinated with coordination numbers of 11−12
for the first shell of oxygen nearest neighbors.
The average plutonium−oxygen (nitrate) bond length is 2.49 Å,
and the average plutonium−oxygen (water)
bond length is estimated to be 2.38 Å.