Aquatic toxicological aspects of dithiocarbamates and related compounds. I. Short-term toxicity tests

Leeuwen, Cornelis van; Maas-Diepeveen, J.L.; Niebeek, G.; Vergouw, W.H.A.; Griffioen, P.S.; Luijken, M.W.

doi:10.1016/s0166-445x(85)80002-3

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In all other tissues, radioactivity was rapidly lost. may in part explain their differences in toxicity to fish [5,7]. The low bioaccumulative potential of both compounds, together with the low concentrations at which adverse effects become manifest, point at high intrinsic toxicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake, distribution and retention of zineb and ziram in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

et al. 1986

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SUMMARYIn short-term static bioaccumulation experiments with 14C-labelled zinc ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (zineb) and zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram) both compounds were rapidly disseminated through the tissues. Whole-body accumulation was low, with bioconcentration factors < 100. Whole-body elimination was rapid with 457o and 257o of the initial radioactivity from ziram and zineb, respectively, being retained by the end of the 16-day deputation period. Pigmented tissues appeared to be major distribution sites as well. This may be related to the affinity of the compounds and/or their degradation products to melanin or to complexation with phenoloxidase, a copper-containing enzyme involved in melanin synthesis. Autoradiography also revealed a high labelling of thyroid follicles. The results show that dithiocarbamates are selectively localized in various tissues, reported to be the target organs for their toxic action. The observed differences in toxicokinetics between zineb and ziram may, in part, explain the differences in toxicity to fish between ethylenebisdithiocarbamates and dialkyldithiocarbamates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake, distribution and retention of zineb and ziram in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

et al. 1986

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“…The influence of dithiocarbamates and its metabolites on fishes and their health is widely studied: Short-term toxicity of 26 DTCs and related compounds was determined in tests with different hydrobionts (Van Leeuwen et al, 1985) and the obtained results showed that DTCs and their degradation products are cytotoxic substances. The effect of mancozeb and its metabolite ETU on biochemical and enzymatic parameters in Clarius batrachus was studied by Singh (2013a, 2013b) and LC 50 -values were estimated on different fish life stages and they were dose as well as time dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction impact of mancozeb on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.) and accumulation of its carcinogen metabolite, ethylene thiourea in fish products

Tzanova¹,

Atanasov²,

Zaharinov³

et al. 2017

j. cent. eur. agric.

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Pesticides can be taken up from the water and accumulated in tissues of hydrobionts, often becoming multiplied thousands of times higher in the organism than in the surrounding water. The dithiocarbamate mancozeb is applied in plant protection as fungicide. In recent years the amount of mancozeb used in Europe significantly increased. It is carcinogen due to its metabolite -ethylene thiourea (ETU), which causes thyroid and pituitary tumors. The purpose of this study is to determinate the quantity of ethylene thiourea in products of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.), reared in environment containing permissible, according to the European law, amount of mancozeb. Seeking an answer to the question: is this concentration limit really safe for the reproduction of rainbow trout and can the more toxic metabolite -ETU, be accumulated in the fish eggs and fillet and afterwards make them harmful to the consumers? The study included 3 stages: feeding, analysis of ethylene thiourea in fish eggs and fillet by a new developed and validated HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) method and study of the reproductive indicators. The assays of ETU in all analyzed samples (fish and water) were below the limit of quantification of the method, 0.05 mg*l -1

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“…Em dois estudos envolvendo testes de toxicidade com as espécies dulcícolas Chlorella pyrenoidosa (clorofícea), Daphnia magna (microcurstáceo) e Oncorhyncus mykiss (peixe), os valores obtidos foram de 1.000 µg/L (CE 50 96 h), 210 µg/L (CL 50 48 h) e 0,64 µg/L (CE 50 60 dias), respectivamente (Tabela 3). 68,69 Adicionalmente, vários trabalhos têm atestado as propriedades teratogênicas e mutagênicas do Tiram e de outros ditiocarbamatos. Entre as alterações subletais mais frequentemente induzidas por esse composto encontram-se as distorções na notocorda de embriões de peixes.…”

Section: Tiramunclassified

Tintas anti-incrustantes de terceira geração: novos biocidas no ambiente aquático

2011

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Recebido em 7/6/10; aceito em 11/1/11; publicado na web em 1/4/11 THIRD GENERATION ANTIFOULING PAINTS: NEW BIOCIDES IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT. Antifouling agents have been used on vessels and boats since ancient civilizations. Thus, a brief history on the three generations of antifouling paints was provided in the present review. Additionally, information about physic-chemical properties, environmental levels, toxicology and analytical methods was discussed for the 16 "new" booster biocides used as third-generation antifouling paints. The main problems, limitations and future trends related to this subject were also presented. Finally, actions were suggested in order to appraise the current status of the environmental impact caused by these compounds in South America.Keywords: antifouling; paint; booster biocides. INTRODUÇÃODentre os diversos grupos de contaminantes orgânicos potencialmente danosos a ecossistemas aquáticos, despontaram nos últimos anos os biocidas utilizados como princípio ativo de tintas antiincrustantes. Essas tintas são aplicadas como sistemas de proteção, com a finalidade de combater a formação e o estabelecimento de comunidades bioincrustantes (fouling) sobre superfícies expostas à água. Usualmente, tintas anti-incrustantes são aplicadas em embarcações comerciais e de passeio, plataformas petrolíferas, tubulações submarinas, comportas de represas, tanques destinados à aquicultura, dentre outras estruturas. 1Dentre as aplicações mencionadas para as referidas tintas, a utilização como revestimento protetor em embarcações tem sido apontada por muitos autores como a mais impactante para o ambiente, devido ao seu caráter altamente difundido em zonas costeiras.2 Segundo Kotrikla, 3 o emprego de sistemas anti-incrustantes em embarcações é justificado pelos seguintes motivos: o aumento da fricção entre o casco e a água, demanda uma maior potência dos motores e, consequentemente, gera um aumento no consumo de combustível; aumento da frequência de docagens, gerando um incremento de custos e de resíduos gerados; aumento das taxas de corrosão e, introdução não intencional de espécies exóticas em ambientes aquáticos.O primeiro registro de uso de sistemas anti-incrustantes data de 2 mil anos atrás, quando os cascos de madeira eram revestidos com chumbo e "untados" com misturas de óleo de baleia, enxofre e arsênio. Em 1625, uma receita letal combinando arsênio, cobre e goma em pó foi patenteada como agente anti-incrustante por Wilian Beale, na Inglaterra. A utilização de sistemas anti-incrustantes incorporados às tintas passou a ser comum, e cada vez mais frequente, na medida em que os cascos de madeira das embarcações foram substituídos por cascos metálicos, fato ocorrido em meados do século XVIII. A partir de então, a navegação comercial e o uso de embarcações de lazer se tornaram cada vez mais populares, aportando aos ambientes aquáticos quantidades cada vez maiores de biocidas utilizados em tintas anti-incrustantes. 1Em meados do século XX, os óxidos de cobre e de zinco foram os primeiros biocidas ut...

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Aquatic toxicological aspects of dithiocarbamates and related compounds. I. Short-term toxicity tests

Cited by 53 publications

References 9 publications

Uptake, distribution and retention of zineb and ziram in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Uptake, distribution and retention of zineb and ziram in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Reproduction impact of mancozeb on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.) and accumulation of its carcinogen metabolite, ethylene thiourea in fish products

Tintas anti-incrustantes de terceira geração: novos biocidas no ambiente aquático

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