Aquatic Macro-invertebrates as Bio-indicators: An Approach for Wetland Water Quality Assessment of Rampur Ghol, Chitwan, Nepal

Gautam, Birendra; Maskey, Rejina; Sapkota, Ramesh Prasad; Dangol, Dharma Raj

doi:10.3126/jist.v19i2.13853

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Like many other regions in the world, the water quality in the lakes of Nepal is also found in the most vulnerable conditions. The wetlands located in the low land in Nepal are quite sensitive to global climate change and anthropogenic impacts including domestic, urban and industrial effluents and agricultural runoff [18][19][20][21]. The major threats in those lakes are sedimentation, invasion, eutrophication, encroachment and loss of water quality due to natural and anthropogenic inputs and the present study sites (the Beeshazar and associated lakes) are not the exceptions to the abovementioned issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Hydrochemical assessment of the Beeshazar and associated lakes in Central Nepal

et al. 2021

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Water quality deterioration has threatened aquatic life around the world including Nepal, which has been a serious issue for environmental sustainability and economic development. This study evaluated and interpreted hydrochemical parameters of the Beeshazar and associated lakes in Central Himalaya, Nepal. The study revealed that the water in the lake was slightly alkaline as the average pH was 7.52. The correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) identified both geogenic and anthropogenic processes as the controlling factors of hydrochemistry whereas the cluster analysis (CA) showed relatively more pollution in the associated Laxmi Lake. Also, the water quality index (WQI) classified the water as “good” for drinking purposes (i.e., WQI = 33.90), while the pollution index (PI) values were characterized as sub-cleanness and slightly polluted. In general, both the WQI and PI signify that water in the lake complex is currently safe for drinking purposes. It is further confirmed from the comparative analysis of chemical variables with other lakes in the region, WHO and national water quality guidelines for aqua culture that the most of the analyzed water parameters exhibited relatively low concentrations and were within the prescribed guidelines. However, the elevated concentrations of NO3− and PO43− may pose serious problems for retaining water quality in the future. The results could be considered for future planning and management of the Ramsar Lakes of the lowland areas in the Himalaya and also as a valuable reference for the freshwater researchers at the national and international levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Hydrochemical assessment of the Beeshazar and associated lakes in Central Nepal

et al. 2021

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“…Over the past few decades, many wetlands worldwide have been under pressure primarily due to drainage, industrial e uents, surface runoff, unsustainable resource harvesting, and other anthropogenic activities that affect water quality (Jha 2008; Gautam et al 2014). Additionally, the construction of water infrastructures like river channels, dams, and hydropower, the introduction of non-native species, and nutrient enrichment affect water quality and nutrient availability (Carmignani and Roy 2017;Regmi et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These wetlands have several species of rare and endangered ora and fauna . They provide a wide range of bene cial services (Gautam et al 2014) and act as conservation and enhancement of water quality, recharging of drinking water supplies, agricultural development, prevention of erosion, maintenance of surface water ow, and prevention of oods. Wetlands preserve open spaces, landscapes, cultural values, provide recreation and tourism opportunities, and perform natural environmental monitoring (Jha 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characteristics of the Ramsar-listed Koshi Tappu Wetland, Nepal

Neupane

Pant

Thapa

et al. 2022

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Nepal abounds a vast array of freshwater bodies, from sub-tropical lowlands to glacier-fed highlands with varying water quality. This study evaluated the spatial variations in water quality at the Koshi Tappu Wetland, the first Ramsar site of Nepal, located in the eastern Tarai region within the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve. Nineteen water quality parameters were chosen and analyzed from twenty-one different sampling points within the wetland. Parameters including pH, EC, TDS, turbidity, and DO were analyzed on-site, whereas HCO3−, Cl−, NH4+, NO3−, SO42− PO43−, K+, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, CaH, MgH, Na+, and Fe3+ were analyzed in the laboratory. Multivariate methods such as hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA), and geochemical indices such as Piper and mixing diagrams were applied to assess the spatial variation in water quality. Findings indicated Ca2+ as the principal cation and HCO3− as the principal anion regulating the hydrochemistry of the wetland. Based on CA, three spatial clusters were observed, which depicted variations in chemical composition with the PCA results highlighting the primary contamination sources and controlling factors of the sampling locations with 84.13% of the total variance. Findings from the PCA and ionic relationship analyses elucidated that the hydrochemistry of the Koshi Tappu wetland is mainly controlled by carbonate weathering processes with minor contribution of silicate weathering and anthropogenic activities.

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“…The lake water was mildly alkaline, pH ranging from 7.11 to 8.80 with a mean value of 7.96±1.54. The lake's dissolved oxygen (DO) was observed between 3.14 mg/L to 7.41 mg/L, with a mean value of 5.54 mg/L±1.35 mg/L, indicating the aquatic species can survive in the lake(Gautam et al 2015). Lake water has low TDS, ranges between 63 to 98mg/L, and low mineralization, as shown by the EC measurements, varying from 112 to 182 µS/cm.…”

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confidence: 98%

Application of Multivariate Approaches to the Hydro-chemical Assessment of the Ghodaghodi Lake, Sudurpaschim Province, Nepal

Pant

Pal

Bishwakarma

et al. 2021

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology

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Wetlands are considered the most diverse and productive ecosystems in the world, providing life-sustaining ecological services. Hydrochemical variables of the Ghodaghodi Lake situated in Far west Nepal were studied using multivariate statistical approaches to investigate the characteristics of water quality of the lake. A total of 10water samples were collected and analyzed for water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, salinity, dissolved oxygen, major ions, and dissolved Si in the pre-monsoon season during 2017.The water quality assessment was carried out by applying sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio, permeability index, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium adsorption ratio, action ratio of soil structural stability, and water quality index. Multivariate statistical techniques were used to evaluate the geochemical and anthropogenic processes and to identify factors influencing the ionic concentrations. The results revealed that the water was slightly alkaline with low ionic strength and remarkable spatial variations. The hydrochemistry of the lake was mainly controlled by rock weathering as the dominant Ca2+-HCO3- facies. The principal component analysis provided three major components exhibiting the diverse sources of natural and anthropogenic chemicals, including agricultural fertilizers, leakage of sewages near the human settlements, etc. The measured hydrochemical parameters indicate that lake water lies within the safe drinking water and irrigational standards. However, special consideration should be taken to control the concentrations of NO3- due to increasing anthropic activities.

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Aquatic Macro-invertebrates as Bio-indicators: An Approach for Wetland Water Quality Assessment of Rampur Ghol, Chitwan, Nepal

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Hydrochemical assessment of the Beeshazar and associated lakes in Central Nepal

Hydrochemical assessment of the Beeshazar and associated lakes in Central Nepal

Hydrochemical characteristics of the Ramsar-listed Koshi Tappu Wetland, Nepal

Application of Multivariate Approaches to the Hydro-chemical Assessment of the Ghodaghodi Lake, Sudurpaschim Province, Nepal

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