Abstract:Despite experimental findings suggesting the prognostic significance of Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in human melanoma, no published clinical data are available. We studied the expression of AQP1 protein in cutaneous melanoma, correlated our findings with standard histological and genetic markers, and long-term clinical follow-up. Our study evaluated the AQP1 protein expression in 78 melanoma patients, representing two predefined risk cohorts using the immune labeling technique with commercially available anti-AQP1 anti… Show more
“…Namely, a statistically significant association of AQP‐1 high expression with increased survival was observed with a median OS of 12 months for patients with ≥50% AQP‐1 expression vs a median OS of only 7 months for patients with less than 50% AQP‐1 expression. The relationship between higher levels of AQP‐1 in MM and a better prognosis confirms the results of previous studies, but appears to be in conflict with data reported in other tumours, including breast cancer, melanoma, urothelial carcinoma and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, in which increased levels of AQP1 are associated with a poorer prognosis . These data and the relatively few studies on MM require further validation.…”
“…Namely, a statistically significant association of AQP‐1 high expression with increased survival was observed with a median OS of 12 months for patients with ≥50% AQP‐1 expression vs a median OS of only 7 months for patients with less than 50% AQP‐1 expression. The relationship between higher levels of AQP‐1 in MM and a better prognosis confirms the results of previous studies, but appears to be in conflict with data reported in other tumours, including breast cancer, melanoma, urothelial carcinoma and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, in which increased levels of AQP1 are associated with a poorer prognosis . These data and the relatively few studies on MM require further validation.…”
“…In other types of malignancy, there has been variability in the significance of AQP1 expression levels associated with survival outcomes and tumor phenotype (15,16,24-27). The association between high AQP1 expression and poor prognosis was demonstrated in numerous types of solid cancer, including lung (15,24), breast (16,25), ovarian (26) and cutaneous melanoma cancer (27). In accordance with this, the upregulation of AQP1 was associated with aggressive subtypes of brain tumors (28,29) and cervical cancer (30).…”
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), which functions as a water transporter, is associated with cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis in numerous types of solid cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The focus of the present study was to address the potential clinical use of AQP1 expression in CRC as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for disease recurrence and therapeutic outcomes. The current study investigated the expression of AQP1 in surgically resected specimens from 268 patients with stage 0-IV CRC. AQP1 expression was positive in 112 (41.8%) patients, and was significantly associated with left-sided tumors (P<0.01) and with aggressive tumor phenotypes, including depth of invasion (P=0.03), lymph node metastasis (P=0.03), lymphatic invasion (P<0.01) and venous invasion (P<0.01). However, AQP1 expression had no significant prognostic effect on disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with stage II and III CRC following curative surgery. In 84 stage II and III patients who were administered 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy, positive AQP1 expression was associated with an increased DFS rate compared with that of AQP1-negative patients (P=0.05). Additionally, these results identified that receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was not beneficial to patients with AQP1-negative tumors. This suggests that the expression of AQP1 may be a candidate biomarker predictive of response to 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery in patients with stage II and III CRC.
“…Normal mesothelial cells express AQP1 at the apical aspect of the cells, whereas MMs show loss of polarity of AQP1 expression, or a complete loss of AQP1 labelling [ 7 ]. The situation in MM, where higher levels of AQP1 are related to better prognosis is unlike that in other tumours, where increased levels of AQP1 are associated with poorer prognosis, including breast cancer, melanoma, urothelial carcinoma and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Interestingly, in some of these tumours AQP1, a membrane bound protein, was found within the cytoplasm [ 21 ].…”
(1) Background: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumour of the serosal membranes, associated with exposure to asbestos. Survival is generally poor, but prognostication for individual patients is difficult. We recently described Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) as independent prognostic factor in two separate retrospective cohorts of MM patients. Here we assess the usefulness of AQP1 prospectively, and determine the inter-observer agreement in assessing AQP1 scores; (2) Methods: A total of 104 consecutive cases of MM were included. Sufficient tissue for immunohistochemistry was available for 100 cases, and these cases were labelled for AQP1. Labelling was assessed by two pathologists. Complete clinical information and follow up was available for 91 cases; (3) Results: Labelling of ≥50% of tumour cells for AQP indicated improved prognosis in a univariate model (median survival 13 versus 8 months, p = 0.008), but the significance was decreased in a multivariate analysis. Scoring for AQP1 was robust, with an inter-observer kappa value of 0.722, indicating substantial agreement between observers; (4) Conclusion: AQP1 is a useful prognostic marker that can be easily incorporated in existing diagnostic immunohistochemical panels and which can be reliably interpreted by different pathologists.
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